In studying the trends in mobile TV technology, it is necessary to distinguish between product functional combination, packaging, performance, semiconductor technology used, and most important RF receiver performance. Most single-mode demodulators are currently fabricated in 130-nm to 65-nm CMOS processes.
In most cases, they are packaged in a system-in-package (SiP) with a RF receiver to form a mobile TV front-end component. However, the performance of different solutions is not the same, and sooner or later these products will only meet their respective transmission standards.
In "slotted mode" (including RF and memory for multi-service applications), the main challenge in achieving very low system power consumption below 50mW is the small form factor and integration of the system into the consumer electronics platform. the complexity. However, as the market matures, the biggest challenge is to meet the need to shorten the development cycle and reduce production costs. In response to these challenges, Infineon Technologies developed the OmniVia TUS9090.
System Features
The TUS9090 is an innovative monolithic IC developed using the Infineon RFCMOS 130nm process. The SOC integrates multi-band RF receivers (VHF, UHF and L-band for the European Union and North America), DVB-T demodulator components and embedded memory required for DVB-H physical layer and firmware and multi-service data reception .
The TUS9090 does not require external filters, memory, etc., but if the TUS9090 is used to receive DVB-T in the VHF band, an external LNA is required. The TUS9090 integrates on-chip memory and logic cores with a variety of link layers and FEC capabilities. Table 1 compares the DVB-H system with other newly developed standards.
To develop such a mixed-signal monolithic IC requires a lot of engineering expertise and rich experience. First, you need to partition the system. You need to analyze the performance requirements when partitioning, and then implement the best hardware and software hybrid partition according to the requirements. Subsequent design optimizations require advanced signal processing algorithms, but engineers need to gain insight into the associated noise issues—the noise emitted by high-speed digital components can enter sensitive analog RF components (such as LNAs). If the design is not careful, the test is not detailed enough to meet the system robustness requirements, resulting in reduced performance and ultimately disappointing customers. In addition, the reception of mobile TV faces severe challenges due to adjacent channel interference, rapid depth attenuation of signals (terminal movement with cars and trains), and poor indoor received signal strength (signal power loss).
The innovative TUS9090 monolithic IC is fully compliant with the MBRAI II specification. In DVB-H mode (QPSK, CR 1/2, GI=1/4, 8MHz, 8K FFT), the RF sensitivity is higher than -98dBm. If the external balun is not included, the noise figure of the RF tuner is 4dB. Under the condition of TU6 channel (MPE frame error rate is 5%), the minimum carrier-to-noise ratio is measured with QPSK modulation, 1/2 code rate, 1/4 guard interval, 3/4 MPE FEC rate and 8K FFT. /N) is 8.4dB. Under the same conditions, the phase shift Fd3dB@MBRAI is 170 Hz. Similar performance can be achieved under single frequency network (SFN) conditions.
The TUS9090 is available in an 8.5 & TImes; 8.5 & TImes; 0.8mm SGA package. However, in order to minimize the size, the TUS9090 monolithic chip is packaged in a bump package and supplied in bare die (bump thickness is less than 0.4mm), making it easy to develop a small form factor module at a lower cost. Eliminating the packaging process further reduces manufacturing costs.
system structure
Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the system architecture from the antenna input to the SDIO interface output connected to the host or multimedia processor component.
Figure 1: Functional block diagram of the OmniVia TUS9090
The first part of the front end that implements the mobile TV function is the small antenna required for RF signal reception. In mobile environments, the recovery of mobile TV signals is limited by various conditions, including specific system integration issues. Considering the bandwidth of the UHF receiver and the size limitation of the mobile terminal antenna, the design of the antenna faces enormous challenges. Although the low noise receiver design can alleviate this problem, the antenna is still the best "low noise amplifier" in the system. Therefore, we need to find a novel antenna solution. Tuning antennas or resonant antennas have excellent performance. However, when the GSM transmitter emits a strong signal, since the isolation between the wireless component and the DVB-H antenna is only 10-20 dB, the nonlinear tuning component such as the varactor diode reduces the quality of the useful signal.
The TUS9090 is available in a compromise configuration for optimum linearity and lowest noise. At the UHF level, the RF tuner has a noise figure of 4 dB and is compliant with the MBRAI II standard. If an application requires higher performance, the noise figure can be 2dB or less by adding an external LNA. Infineon offers a complete reference design or adapts the design to the specific needs of the customer.
In the TUS9090, behind the antenna and input stage is an embedded RF receiver that integrates an LNA, mixer, channel filter, crystal oscillator, phase-locked loop (PLL), and on-chip loop filter. Direct conversion receiver for VCO and IF gain controllers. The differential signal path from RF to I/Q signals provides excellent noise rejection. In addition, the integrated wideband RF AGC (Automatic Gain Control) loop is located after the integrated LNA. The RF component is capable of detecting the signal directly after the LNA, and is responsive to all signals detectable by the mixer, avoiding any linearity problems caused by any adjacent channels. For wideband AGC, the TUS9090 uses an analog gain control loop to digitize the baseband gain control and control the programmable gain step size via a dedicated digital AGC bus. In addition, an integrated high-performance crystal oscillator that supports multiple standard crystal frequencies ensures proper operation of the RF components - regardless of system clock availability. However, this RF component can also work with a good system clock to reduce crystal cost.
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