With the rapid development of computer technology and network technology, Web thermodynamics database has become the mainstream of current thermodynamic database technology development and has been widely used. The purpose is to establish a correct and efficient mathematical model to solve specific thermodynamic problems. .
1 IntroductionWith the continuous development of Internet technology. A thermodynamic database based on the browser/Web server structure model (ie, B/S structure model) has been widely used. Under this structural model, part of the transaction logic is implemented in the client browser, and most of the transaction logic is implemented on the server side of the thermodynamic database. However, due to the large amount of numerical calculation involved in the application of the thermodynamic database, the server CPU and memory resources are consumed in a large amount, which causes the load of the thermodynamic database server to be aggravated and the response time to be increased. Therefore, if the numerical calculation cannot be solved well, Speed ​​issues, the overall performance of the system will be greatly affected.
At the same time, in the development of the thermodynamic database, developers should not only concentrate on converting the mathematical model in the thermodynamic database into computer control code, but also need to spend a lot of effort to implement, verify, and optimize the numerical calculation methods involved in the mathematical model. . Thereby increasing the development cycle and difficulty of the thermodynamic database.
This paper is aimed at the characteristics of the numerical calculation of the Web thermodynamics database and the requirements for performance. Using the service-oriented architecture idea, the Web thermodynamic database architecture model based on MCR framework is proposed, which realizes the separation of the computational model control and numerical calculation process of Web thermodynamics database, greatly improves the system numerical calculation ability and speed, and simplifies the thermodynamic database system. The process of implementing a numerical calculation method.
Research on 2Web Thermodynamic Database Architecture ModelWith the rapid development of computer technology and network technology, Web thermodynamics database has become the mainstream of current thermodynamic database technology development and has been widely used. But research around improving the performance of Web thermodynamic database systems has not stopped. These studies focus on two aspects. On the one hand, numerical calculations of theoretical models of thermodynamic mathematical models aim to establish correct and efficient mathematical models for solving specific thermodynamic problems. On the other hand, the research on the architecture of Web thermodynamics database aims to reduce the difficulty of system development and shorten the system development cycle, optimize network computing performance, and improve the efficiency and sharing ability of application systems. In this type of research, multiple layers are commonly used. The architectural model idea assigns different types of work tasks of the system to different layers for execution, which not only facilitates the use of thermodynamic databases by network users, but also facilitates collaborative development of the system, improves the reusability of system code, and facilitates the sharing of business logic. , restructuring and maintenance of the system.
2.1 Web Thermodynamic Database of Three-Tier Architecture Mode
Figure 1. Architecture of three-TIers
In the three-tier architecture mode shown in Figure 1, the client uses a browser as a system interface access tool. The database server provides efficient and secure data storage operations. WebServer implements the core journal of control of the entire system.
The three-layer architecture mode mainly solves the separation of the business logic control and data storage control of the thermodynamic database, realizes the "thin client" access, is convenient for users to use, the system deployment is simple, and the maintenance cost is low. As can be seen from Figure 1, the workload of the thermodynamic database system is mainly concentrated in the Web Server, which causes the WebServer to be overloaded and becomes a bottleneck affecting system performance.
2.2 Web Thermodynamics Database with n-Tier Architecture Pattern
Figure 2. Architecture of n-TIers
In order to alleviate the workload of the Web Thermodynamic Database System Web Server under the three-tier architecture mode, the system architects proposed the n-tier architecture mode as shown in Figure 2. Among them, the business logic layer is responsible for the core functions of the thermodynamic database---calculation model control and numerical calculation. The presentation layer is responsible for user interface control, and the data access layer is responsible for accessing the thermodynamic database and masking the details of using the database.
The n-layer architecture mode is used to distribute the workload of the entire system to different servers, avoiding the bottleneck of a server and becoming a bottleneck affecting system performance, and facilitating the coordinated development and maintenance of the system, thereby increasing the flexibility of system deployment. . For example, it is possible to use the load balancing technology to build an application server cluster at the business logic layer, to solve the performance problem of complex business logic control and concurrent access of a large number of users, and to introduce middleware technology at the data access layer to solve the problem of efficient access to the database.
3 Web Thermodynamic Database Architecture Model Based on MCR FrameworkAlthough the Web thermodynamic database of the n-tier architecture mode has many advantages, it faces two more difficult problems when implementing the core layer of the architecture mode---the business logic layer.
The first is how to realize numerical calculations in mathematical models of thermodynamic databases, such as integrals, equations, etc., which requires thermodynamic database developers to spend a lot of time and effort to program various related numerical calculation solvers. If the current mature scientific computing software can be directly referenced in the system to solve the numerical calculation problem, the numerical calculation implementation process will be greatly simplified.
The second is how to improve the efficiency of numerical calculations. Numerical calculations often consume a large amount of memory and CPU resources of the computer, which increases the load on the application server, which leads to an increase in the response time of the system and becomes a bottleneck affecting system performance. If the numerical calculation process can be separated from the business logic layer and transferred to a dedicated numerical calculation server for numerical calculation, not only can the load of the application server be alleviated, but the dedicated numerical calculation server can provide better execution efficiency, thereby Improve system performance.
The Web thermodynamic database architecture model based on MCR framework proposed in this paper can solve the above two problems well. The core idea of ​​the architecture model is to use the MCR framework to build a high-performance, easy-to-use thermodynamic database numerical calculation engine, avoiding the direct programming of numerical calculation algorithms in the development of thermodynamic databases, and at the same time making thermodynamic database calculation model control and thermodynamics database. The numerical calculation process is separated to achieve the purpose of simplifying the development process of the thermodynamic database and improving the performance of the system.
MCR (MATLAB CompilerRunTIme) is a stand-alone application framework based on MATLAB that can execute MATLAB files and functions. MATLAB is recognized as a powerful and widely used scientific computing software in the world. It has rich numerical calculation tools and efficient numerical calculation efficiency, and it is the dominant position in the world's numerical computing software. Using the MATLAB Builder NE compilation tool provided by MATLAB, the MATLAB numerical calculation function can be converted into an MCR component (.net class). Therefore, installing MCR in the .net framework enables the .NET application to call the MCR component (.net class), which in turn allows you to use MATLAB's powerful numerical calculations directly in the program. To this end, this paper extends the n-tier architecture pattern and builds a Web thermodynamic database architecture model based on the MCR framework as shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Architecture of Basedon MCR
As can be seen from Figure 3, the numerical calculation engine separates the numerical calculation function from the business logic layer. The numerical calculation engine is constructed using the Service-Oriented Architecture (service-oriented architecture) and implements the SOA using the Web Service technology. SOA is an IT architecture style that enables business to be integrated as a link or repeatable business task that can be accessed over the network when needed. SOA links different functional units of an application (called services) through well-defined interfaces and contracts between these services. The interface is defined in a neutral XML-based language (also known as Web Services DefiniTIon Language, WSDL), which is independent of the hardware platform, operating system, and programming language that implements the service. This allows different types of business logic layers to interact with numerical computing engines in a uniform and versatile manner, facilitating the integration and reuse of various heterogeneous thermodynamic database business logic layers and numerical computing engines, while also leveraging service clusters. The technology constructs a numerical computing engine cluster, dynamically equalizes the numerical computing load, satisfies the high-concurrency and high-density numerical computing requirements of the network, optimizes the system performance, and greatly improves the computing power and speed of the Web thermodynamics database numerical computing engine.
1) Numerical calculation engine interface
Provide a unified thermodynamic numerical service interface, such as enthalpy, entropy calculation, etc. As long as the communication parties define the service contract, the numerical calculation engine can provide thermodynamic numerical calculation services for various isomorphic or heterogeneous systems, thereby enabling the numerical calculation engine to realize business integration and reuse across systems.
2) Numerical calculation class
The specific thermodynamic numerical calculation methods defined by the numerical calculation engine interface are defined. These methods encapsulate the solving processes of various basic thermodynamic calculation formulas, such as solving the basic integral formula of enthalpy and entropy. The MCR component (.net class) is called in the method to complete the specific numerical calculation process using MATLAB. For example, core journals such as definite integral operations or matrix operations. In addition, the numerical calculation class is also responsible for the local call language data type and MATLAB data type conversion, as well as error processing and other auxiliary work.
3) MCR
The corresponding MATLAB function is executed according to the call request of the numerical calculation class.
4 Advantages of the Web Thermodynamic Database Architecture Model Based on the MCR FrameworkIn the Web thermodynamic database architecture model based on the MCR framework, the establishment of a numerical calculation engine to separate the numerical calculation function from the business logic layer of the thermodynamic database has the following advantages.
1) Using the SOA idea, the loosely coupled numerical calculation between the business logic layer and the numerical calculation engine is realized, which facilitates the sharing of numerical computing engine services by various heterogeneous thermodynamic databases.
2) Adopt SOA idea, can use server cluster technology to establish a numerical computing server group, share the workload of each numerical calculation engine through load balancing technology, support high-density numerical calculation, and flexibly increase or decrease the system numerical calculation ability.
3) Reduce the load of the thermodynamic database application server, which is beneficial to improve the overall performance of the system.
4) The business logic layer of the thermodynamic database only focuses on how to use the numerical computing service, and does not care how to implement numerical calculation, which simplifies the implementation process of the business logic layer and improves the development efficiency of the thermodynamic database system.
5) Can fully utilize MATLAB's rich numerical calculation tools to shield the complex process using MATLAB. At the same time, the numerical calculation efficiency is improved by the excellent numerical calculation performance of MATLAB.
6) The numerical calculation engine can be further optimized. Such as the direct use of MATLAB parallel computing capabilities to build multi-core, multi-processor parallel computing server. Or use MATLAB distributed parallel computing function to build MATLAB distributed computing computer cluster. Further improve the numerical calculation speed of the numerical calculation engine.
5 ConclusionIn the production and research of metallurgy and chemical industry, the thermodynamic database has been widely used as a basic tool, and the computational performance requirements of the thermodynamic database are also getting higher and higher, and the system architecture mode is affecting the performance of the thermodynamic database system. One of the key factors is the basis for the development of thermodynamic database system software. This paper analyzes the problems of the Web thermodynamics database of the three-layer and n-layer architecture modes. According to the characteristics of the thermodynamic database numerical calculation, based on the n-layer architecture model, the multi-layer, distributed computing based on the MCR framework is proposed. Web thermodynamic database architecture mode, which can easily realize the call of MATLAB calculation function without understanding the specific technical details, which greatly simplifies the process of numerical calculation function in the development process of Web thermodynamics database, and also serves the Web thermodynamic database in heavy load network. Environmental applications and heterogeneous thermodynamic databases share a thermodynamic numerical calculation service that provides a viable solution.
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