There are many potential unsafe factors in chemical production itself. Although the maintenance of chemical equipment is in contact with machinery and equipment, understanding the characteristics of chemical production and the key points of routine maintenance can ensure the safe and orderly development of the maintenance process.
Chemical production has: flammable, explosive and toxic, corrosive substances; high temperature, high pressure, low temperature, negative pressure equipment; complex process, strict operating requirements; serious pollution and other characteristics. The characteristics of chemical production have determined that the chemical equipment is complex and diverse, the medium is dangerous, and there are many dangerous factors in the process of inspection and repair. For example, occupational and non-occupational injuries such as fire, explosion, poisoning, suffocation, noise, and acid-alkali burns are prone to occur.
First, the classification of chemical maintenance
Chemical maintenance can be divided into planned maintenance and unplanned maintenance.
Plan and overhaul: According to the equipment management, use experience and production rules, the company organizes, prepares, and arranges the equipment for maintenance. It is called planned maintenance. According to the different maintenance contents, cycle and requirements, the planned maintenance can be divided into minor repair, intermediate repair and overhaul.
Unplanned maintenance: In the event of sudden failure or accident of the equipment in the production process, the non-stop or temporary stop maintenance that must be performed is called unplanned maintenance. Unplanned overhaul is difficult to predict in advance, unable to arrange the plan, and requires short repair time, high quality of overhaul, complex maintenance environment and working conditions, it is more difficult. It is also an unavoidable maintenance operation for chemical companies.
Second, the work of chemical maintenance points
Analysis of Main Points of Routine Maintenance, Planning Maintenance and Inspection of Chemical Equipment.
First of all, from the perspective of the daily maintenance of chemical equipment, the daily maintenance and maintenance of equipment is the precondition for the maintenance of equipment. At the same time, in this way, the equipment can be prevented from wearing out due to continuous operation, eliminating abnormal operating conditions (including dry friction, abnormal noise, loose parts, and falling off) and preventing related equipment from appearing. Premature wear problems eliminate associated operating safety hazards and improve the continuity and reliability of operations.
Secondly, in the course of chemical production operations, the connection of one operating unit or multiple operating unit systems and the connection of multiple subsystems to each other are mostly achieved through the way of pipeline carriers. Based on practical work experience, in the chemical production process, raw materials are put into the product from one end of the equipment and are produced from the other end of the equipment. In the intermediate process, it does not involve mechanical transport, and related problems such as stopovers and interruptions. Therefore, from the perspective of maintenance operations of chemical equipment, it is required to show synchronous and cooperative maintenance attributes. Among them, synchronization refers to: synchronization features in the maintenance time, maintenance cycle, and maintenance categories. At the same time, synergy refers to the fact that, in the event of an abnormal operation of a chemical plant, the application of the opportunity to stop the equipment is used to co-ordinate the related equipment problems in the same unit and the same system. .
Again, from the point of view of the chemical production operations, the maintenance of pressure vessels and pressure pipelines, the pipeline can be said to be one of the most critical transmission media during chemical production operations. Intermediate products and final products need to be built on different tank foundations to achieve balanced media transfer and storage. At the same time, pressure vessels and pipelines are also one of the devices that play a key role in chemical production. It should be included in the scope of work for equipment maintenance and repair in the design, manufacturing, installation, use, inspection, maintenance, and transformation. In addition to the above-mentioned patrolling inspections, the above equipment also requires periodic inspections. Such inspection is one of the mandatory inspection measures based on the national safety management regulations. In the practical work at this stage, many inspections and repairs are integrated with each other, and regular inspections and inspections of safety accessories related to pressure vessels and pressure pipes are also required to be carried out in coordination with the regular inspection work of the pressure vessel pipe itself.
Finally, for chemical companies, in order to be able to further promote the development and improvement of the maintenance and repair work quality, it is required to reflect the advantages of state detection in the choice of equipment maintenance and repair decision-making methods. The most important feature of this type of maintenance mode is that it can determine the maintenance and repair cycle of related chemical equipment and the related maintenance work content based on the operational energy efficiency of chemical equipment and the real-time operating status. This kind of maintenance decision-making method can be built on the basis of the law of equipment failures, reflecting the pertinence and effectiveness of maintenance and maintenance, and deserves attention and attention.
三ã€Preparation work for chemical overhaul
The main tasks include: setting maintenance headquarters; formulating maintenance plans; conducting safety education before maintenance; inspection before maintenance.
1. Safe technical treatment before parking overhaul
Once the parking plan is determined, the parking time, steps, process change range, and confirmation parking order list determined by the parking plan shall be strictly followed in an organized and orderly manner. The smooth operation of the equipment parking phase will affect safety production on the one hand, and it will also affect the quality of the equipment maintenance work that can be carried out safely and on time.
The main safety technology for parking the device is as follows:
(1) Parking strictly in accordance with the scheduled parking plan
In accordance with the maintenance plan, and in close contact with the upper and lower processes and related sections (such as boiler room, power distribution room, etc.), strictly stop the operation of the equipment according to the procedures prescribed in the parking plan.
(2) Pressure relief should be moderate
The pressure relief operation should be carried out slowly and the equipment must not be dismantled before the pressure is exhausted.
(3) The material in the device must be empty and processed
Before discharge of residual material, it is necessary to inspect the condition of the discharge outlet. No flammable, explosive, poisonous or corrosive materials shall be allowed to drain or drain to the ground. However, the equipment shall be discharged to designated safety sites or storage tanks. Or residual materials in the pipeline to avoid accidents or pollution. At the same time, the materials in the equipment and pipelines should be emptied and drained as much as possible. The flammable and toxic gases discharged from the equipment should be discharged to the torch for burning or other treatments if they cannot be collected and used.
(4) Control suitable cooling and deceleration speed
The cooling and deceleration speeds shall be in accordance with the requirements of the process to prevent accidents such as deformation and damage of the high-temperature equipment. For example, if the temperature of a high-temperature device is cooled, direct cooling by cold water, etc. cannot be performed immediately. Instead, appropriate ventilation or natural cooling should be adopted after the heat source is cut off. The rate of cooling and deceleration should not be too fast. Especially under high temperature conditions, sharp changes in temperature and material quantities can cause deformation and rupture of equipment and pipelines, causing flammable, explosive, toxic medium leakage or causing fire, explosion or poisoning accidents.
(5) The speed of opening the valve should not be too fast
Open the valve, open the valve after the first two buckles to stop for a while, so that a small amount of material through, observe the smooth flow of material, and then gradually open the valve until it reaches the requirements. When opening the steam valve, pay attention to the preheating of the pipeline, the discharge of condensation, and the waterproof strike.
(6) High Temperature Vacuum Equipment Parking Steps
When the high-temperature vacuum equipment is parked, the vacuum state must be eliminated. Only when the temperature of the medium in the equipment falls below the auto-ignition point can it be opened to the atmosphere to prevent the air from entering the combustion and explosion accident.
(7) Shutdown operations strictly in accordance with the rules of the process
Shutdown operation shall be carried out in strict accordance with the cooling curve specified in the process specification. Attention shall be paid to the effect of flameout at each location on the uniformity of the furnace cooling. When the fire mouth is not completely extinguished or the furnace temperature is high, no emptying or low-point coagulation shall be carried out so as to prevent the combustible gas from entering the furnace and causing accidents.
At the same time, when the device is shut down, the operator must switch many valves and meters in a short period of time. To avoid errors, close attention must be paid to changes in parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and liquid level in various locations.
2, completely cut off the media source in the device
When entering the internal operation of the chemical equipment, the equipment must be discontinued. When the single equipment is discontinued, it must be ensured that no internal leakage of any medium can occur. Due to the long-term use of the equipment, many pipeline valve switches connected to the equipment are not in place and internal leakage may occur, especially gas valves. After the maintenance personnel enter the equipment operation, if the pipeline inspection is not careful, once the leakage and liquid leakage occur, especially the gas, ammonia, acid gas, high pressure gas, crude benzene and other flammable, explosive, high temperature, high pressure material occurs. Endoleak. It will cause serious accidents such as fire, explosion, burn, and poisoning. The consequences are disastrous. Therefore, the craftsman must earnestly confirm all the pipelines connected to the equipment. For some flammable, explosive, toxic, high-temperature, high-pressure medium pipelines After the (near tower) plus blind.
3, replace the toxic and harmful gases in the equipment
Replacing toxic, hazardous, flammable and explosive gas equipment. Nitrogen gas and steam are generally used for the replacement, and replacement with nitrogen is preferred. Because the steam temperature is high, after the displacement is completed, the tower is cooled, and the temperature in the equipment is lowered to room temperature. For some high-temperature liquid equipment, first consider venting, and then use the cold material or add cold water to the device to room temperature. Pressure relief equipment should be used to reduce the pressure in the equipment to atmospheric pressure.
4, correctly dismantle manhole
After the maintenance equipment has been subjected to media isolation, replacement, temperature reduction, and pressure reduction, strict inspection and inspection are required. After ensuring the safety, the hole is removed again. For the equipment with liquid, when the hole is removed, it must be removed. The angle bolt should be slowly disassembled when dismantled to the last four diagonal bolts, and try to avoid the side of the manhole to prevent the liquid from hurting. Gas-welding bolts are absolutely prohibited for equipment with flammable and explosive substances. For severely corroded bolts, cut it with a hand saw. For the case where a new manhole or a new hand hole is provided in a device such as a crude benzene tank, it is absolutely forbidden to use gas welding or grinding wheel cutting. A certain concentration of sulfuric acid must be used, and a new manhole and hand should be created around by a wax seal. hole.
5, correct labor insurance
Labor protection is not simply to put on work clothes. When entering the internal operation of chemical equipment, labor insurance must play a protective role and have certain protection requirements. In the flammable and explosive equipment, anti-static overalls should be worn. They should be dressed neatly, clasps should be fastened, and static sparks or corrosive substances should be prevented from contacting the skin. The pockets of work clothes cannot carry sharp corners or metal tools. Small tools, such as angle gauges, should be loaded into dedicated tool bags.
The safety helmet must ensure that the belt buckle is tight and the hat and head are properly fitted. Due to the lack of construction space inside the equipment, there is a possibility of meeting, and it is also necessary to ensure that there is a certain gap between the cap and the cap to prevent falling objects from impacting. The cap behind the cap cannot separate the cap from the head, and the cap directly presses on the head to cause injury. Therefore, there should be enough buffer distance inside the cap core. Correctly wear protective gloves. Wear anti-acid, alkali and other anti-corrosion gloves in some acid, alkali and other corrosive equipment. If the gloves are broken, replace them in time. In particular, the sweat in summer handwork will reduce the insulation of the gloves. Performance and slippage, so it should be better to prepare more gloves.
Labor insurance shoes should use antistatic and anti-mite shoes. The big scalp shoes worn should be sewn and not nailed. At the same time, the anti-skid performance should be considered. The laces should be fastened to ensure easy walking.
When working in a conditional tower, try to lay some asbestos sheets or rubber on the tower bottom of the work area so that it is non-slip and cuts off direct contact between people and equipment.
Fourth, chemical maintenance precautions
1. There must be someone responsible for the maintenance of the device and establish a large maintenance headquarters. A detailed overhaul plan will be formulated. The plan shall include specific occupational safety and health protection safeguard measures.
2. The hazards of identification, risk assessment and implementation of necessary control measures shall be carried out for the overhauled installations. For some major projects, it is necessary to formulate corresponding safety technical measures (safety measures, purge schemes, blind spot positions, work schedules, etc.), and to achieve "five sets", that is, to determine the construction plan, fixed operators, and set safety measures , set the project quality, set the work schedule.
3. The foreign engineering construction unit participating in the overhaul of the installation must have the relevant qualifications and abide by the rules and regulations of the chemical company.
4. The relevant personnel participating in the overhaul of the device must carry out safety education related to the content of the operation. Everyone who works for more than two persons must designate one person to be responsible for safety. Special operations personnel (electricians, welders) shall hold certificates in accordance with national regulations.
5. Before the construction, the person in charge of the project shall provide all staff with safety and technical disclosure. When the specific project reaches the bottom, it is necessary to clarify the safety measures and precautions. Before the operation, check and confirm the implementation of safety measures.
6, maintenance project operations, must strictly implement the relevant regulations, handle the relevant procedures (including the suspension of equipment, access to blanking and construction, maintenance, hot work, high work, access to space and other ticket) system and the corresponding security technology specification.
7, before the device maintenance work, must be purging, cleaning, replacement qualified.
(1) Special personnel are responsible for the purging, cleaning and replacement of equipment containers and pipelines.
(2) All equipment, vessels and pipelines containing flammable, toxic, and corrosive media shall be thoroughly purged and replaced so that no residue or excess gas is contained in the interior. The results of sampling and analysis shall meet the safety requirements.
(3) Do not flow, burst, inflammable, and intoxicated to ensure the quality of purging and replacement.
8. Blind board addition and removal management.
(1) It is necessary to appoint someone to be responsible for the unified management.
(2) Adding and dismantling blind boards shall be numbered and registered to prevent leakage and leakage.
(3) For flammable, explosive, poisonous and harmful mediums in equipment containers such as towers, tanks, pipelines, etc., blinds shall be installed at the entrances and exits of the equipments, and warning signs shall be hung.
9. All equipment, containers and pipelines that need to be overhauled must meet the fire conditions to ensure construction safety.
(1) Dynamic Fire Management Acting The fire operation permit system requires that hot work must have a valid hot work permit.
(2) Whenever a fire occurs on equipment containers or pipelines containing flammable media, the source of the material must be cut off and the blinding plate must be cut off. After being purged, cleaned, and replaced, the manhole is opened for ventilation, and the gas tester is qualified. Afterwards, we can move fire.
(3) Before the moving fire, special personnel should conduct inspection and analysis, and make records. (combustible gas detector)
(4) In the high-level hot work, measures should be taken to prevent sparks from splashing, and the water trenches should be treated in the trenches, valve wells, and downholes, and the low-level equipment, pipelines, valves, and meters should be shielded or closed.
(5) All flammable materials must be removed around open fire operations, and flammable liquids or flammable gases must not be discharged around the work.
10. Safety supervisors and special (part-time) safety personnel at all levels must perform safety inspection and supervision at the installation site. The on-site inspection and confirmation of each operation link shall be carried out in a safe and controlled state.
11. Guardians of various types, such as moving fire, using electricity, working at heights, entering confined spaces, etc., must perform safety duties, take care of them carefully, and carry out a thorough inspection of the operation and completion sites (eg, extinguishing fires, cutting off power supplies, clearing obstacles, etc.). ).
12. Persons entering the installation site must strictly implement relevant labor protection regulations, wear good labor protection products, and strictly prohibit the use of fireworks.
13. Equipment and protective equipment used for construction work (scaffolding, springboard, rope, hoist, traffic light, safety light, running light transformer, welding machine, insulating shoes, insulating gloves, electroscope, gas mask, dust-proof product, safety helmet , safety belts, fire-fighting equipment, etc.) Check and confirm safety and reliability.
14. During the inspection and repair, the fixed alarm detector on the installation site shall be properly protected.
15. When constructing flammable or explosive material containers, equipment, pipelines, etc., use explosion-proof (such as: wood, copper and other non-sparking tools), and forbid to strike or collide with iron tools.
16. When opening the equipment manhole, its internal temperature and pressure should be reduced to safety conditions and opened in order from top to bottom. When the bottom manhole is opened, the bottom discharge slag discharge valve should be opened first, and it can be operated only when it is confirmed that there is no residual material inside, and the plugging phenomenon is vigilant. Before the manhole cover is loosened, it is forbidden to disassemble all the screws.
17. Temporary protective measures shall be taken for damaged and dismantled railings and platforms, and shall be restored after construction.
18, to ensure that leakage switches, cables, electrical appliances intact.
(1) The temporary power distributor must be equipped with a leakage protector. The operating current and operating time of the leakage protection must meet the requirements of the upper and lower level coordination.
(2) Mobile tools and hand-held power tools should be protected by a single brake.
(3) The wiring of the welding machine must be standardized. The welding should be carried out by welding the wire nearest to the weldment. The insulation of the wire and the secondary wire must be intact. The exposed ground wire must not be lapped over the frame of the device or equipment, and must not pass through the water. Or lap weld wire on running equipment (pipeline).
19. The voltage of the running lights shall not exceed 36V. The voltage of the temporary lighting lamps operating in particularly humid places or in metal equipment such as towers and tanks shall not exceed 12V.
20, the height of the operating personnel should be used and the content of the operation of the seat belt, safety belt should be hung on the top of the construction work on the solid components, the safety belt should be high hanging (system) low use.
21, prohibited high altitude parabolic objects, tools and debris, machinery and equipment, materials and industrial waste and other items should be placed according to the designated place.
V. Sudden out-of-plan maintenance
Safe handling of equipment after parking and parking.
The main steps for safe handling after parking are: isolation, replacement, purging and cleaning, demolition and access, proper labor protection, and maintenance. The production department and maintenance department should strictly handle the maintenance handover procedures.
1. Isolate: completely cut off the media source in the device
When entering the internal operation of the chemical equipment, the equipment must be discontinued. When the single equipment is discontinued, it must be ensured that no internal leakage of any medium can occur. Due to the long-term use of the equipment, many pipeline valve switches connected to the equipment are not in place and internal leakage may occur, especially gas valves. After the maintenance personnel enter the equipment operation, if the pipeline inspection is not careful, once the leakage and liquid leakage occur, especially the gas, ammonia, acid gas, high pressure gas, crude benzene and other flammable, explosive, high temperature, high pressure material occurs. Endoleaks will cause serious accidents such as fire, explosion, burns and poisoning. The consequences will be disastrous.
Due to insecure insulation, toxic accidents, flammability, explosions, corrosion, suffocating, and high-temperature media entering the maintenance equipment can cause serious accidents. Therefore, maintenance equipment must be reliably isolated. The safest and most reliable isolation method is to remove the pipeline or plug the blind. The craftsman must conscientiously confirm all the pipes connected with the equipment, and add blind plates behind the valve (near the tower) to some flammable, explosive, poisonous, high-temperature, high-pressure medium pipes. Drainage of blinds is a dangerous operation. It is necessary to handle the “Paked Blind Board Operation Permit†and implement various safety measures.
(1) The drawing and blinding operation drawing should be drawn, and the drawing operation should be performed according to the figure.
(2) Blind boards must meet safety requirements and be numbered.
(3) On-site safety measures for drawing blinds:
(4) Confirm that the system material is drained and the pressure and temperature are reduced to the specified requirements;
(5) When inserting flammable and explosive medium equipment or blind plates in the fire-fighting area, explosion-proof tools shall be used, and special persons shall be inspected and supervised;
(6) When drawing blinds indoors, windows must be opened or forced ventilation with ventilation equipment;
(7) When inserting toxic medium pipeline blinds, operators should wear appropriate personal protective equipment as required to prevent poisoning;
(8) When inserting the blind plate at a high place, it shall meet the safety requirements at a high place, and wear a safety helmet and a safety belt;
(9) For operations with a particularly high risk, rescue measures should be taken and the gas prevention station, medical personnel, and ambulances should be present.
(10) The operator shall not take too long in the continuous operation of drawing blinds and shall take turns for rest.
2, replacement, purging and cleaning
(1) Replacement. In order to ensure the inspection of the fire and the safety of the equipment, all flammable, explosive and toxic gases in the equipment and pipelines within the scope of inspection shall be replaced. Nitrogen gas and steam are commonly used for replacement, and nitrogen substitution is preferred. Because the steam temperature is high, after the displacement is completed, the tower is cooled, and the temperature in the equipment is lowered to room temperature. For the replacement of flammable and toxic gases, inert gases such as steam and nitrogen are mostly used as displacement media. Water-injection and exhaust methods can also be used to expel flammable and toxic gases. For some high-temperature liquid equipment, first consider venting, and then use the cold material or add cold water to the device to room temperature. Pressure relief equipment should be used to reduce the pressure in the equipment to atmospheric pressure. After the equipment is replaced, if it is necessary to enter its internal work, it must also replace the inert gas with fresh air in order to prevent the occurrence of hypoxic asphyxia.
(2) Purging. For flammable and toxic liquids that are not discharged from equipment and pipelines, they are usually removed by steam or inert gas purge.
(3) Cleaning and eradicating. The flammable and toxic substances deposited on the inner wall of the equipment and fouling that cannot be removed by replacement or purging must also be cleaned and eradicated. Cleaning usually has two kinds of cooking and chemical cleaning. 1 cooking. 2 chemical cleaning. Commonly used alkaline washing, pickling, alkaline washing and pickling alternating use and other methods.
3, correctly dismantle manhole
After the maintenance equipment has been subjected to media isolation, replacement, temperature reduction, and pressure reduction, strict inspection and inspection are required. After ensuring the safety, the hole is removed again. For the equipment with liquid, when the hole is removed, it must be removed. The angle bolt should be slowly disassembled when dismantled to the last four diagonal bolts, and try to avoid the side of the manhole to prevent the liquid from hurting. Gas-welding bolts are absolutely prohibited for equipment with flammable and explosive substances. For severely corroded bolts, cut it with a hand saw. In the case of equipment such as crude benzene tanks with new holes or new hand holes, it is absolutely forbidden to use gas welding or grinding wheel cutting. A certain concentration of sulfuric acid must be used, and new inlet holes and hands should be opened by means of wax seals. hole.
4, correct labor insurance
Labor protection is not simply to put on work clothes. When entering the internal operation of chemical equipment, labor insurance must play a protective role and have certain protection requirements. Including work clothes, tools, safety helmets, correct wearing protective gloves, and labor insurance shoes.
5, other
(1) Clear up the inspection site and access.
(2) Cut off the power of the equipment to be inspected, hang up the "Prohibited to start" warning sign and lock it.
(3) Contact with the public works system (water, electricity, gas, and steam) and dispose of it in a timely manner.
(4) Safe handover. Before the overhaul, the production department and the maintenance department shall strictly handle the procedures for the safety overhaul. After the inspection and confirmation by both parties, they shall sign and approve the "safety handover document."
VI. Maintenance work
The maintenance phase often involves electrical work, demolition work, hot work, earthmoving work, high work, welding work, lifting work, access to equipment operations, etc., shall strictly implement the relevant provisions to ensure the smooth progress of maintenance work.
1, hot work
(1) Fixed fire zone and banned zone. According to the needs of the work, the use of the unit to apply, plant safety, fire protection department registration and approval, delineation of the "fixed moving fire zone", outside the fixed fire zone shall be a fire-free zone.
(2) Hot work and classification. The welding and cutting operations in the restricted fire area and the use of torches, electric drills, grinding wheels, etc. in flammable and explosive locations, which may generate flames, sparks or red hot surfaces, are all hot work. Hot work is divided into three categories: special hot, first-grade hot and second-grade hot.
(3) Fire safety work permit system
1 In the fire-fighting area, hot work should be handled for "hot work safety certificate" and strictly perform the application, review and approval procedures. The “Fire Safety Operation Certificate†shall clearly indicate the dynamic fire level, effective fire hot date, detailed location of hot work, work content, safety fire protection, fire guardian measures, and dynamic fire analysis results. The person in charge of approval and issuance of the fire safety certificate must confirm the correctness. Can sign it.
2 Hot work personnel shall check the contents in detail. If they find that they do not comply with the safety regulations, they have the right to refuse hot work and report to the unit's fire protection department.
3 Before moving on fire, the hot workman shall check the person in charge of the fire certificate to the on-site person in charge and confirm that the safety measures have been implemented correctly before carrying out the hot work according to the prescribed time, place and content.
4 When the location or content of the hot spot is changed, the certification formalities must be re-instated; otherwise, no fire shall be allowed.
(5) When carrying out hot work and hot work within the equipment at a high altitude, it is also necessary to apply for “High-Side Safety Operation Certificate†and “In-equipment Safety Operation Certificateâ€.
(4) Fire Analysis and Standards
1 Sample should be representative.
2 The sampling time and hot work time must not exceed 30 minutes.
3 Fire analysis standard: If the concentration of the measured gas or vapor is less than or equal to 20% of the lower explosive volume ratio when using the explosion tester, if other chemical analysis methods are used, the lower explosion limit of the measured gas or vapor is greater than or equal to At 10%, the concentration should be less than 1%; when the lower explosion limit is less than 10% and greater than or equal to 4%, the concentration should be less than 0.5%; when the lower explosion limit is less than 4%, the concentration should be less than 0.2%.
4 into the device within the fire, but also must analyze the determination of toxic gases and oxygen in the air content, toxic and harmful gases content shall not exceed the maximum allowable concentration, oxygen content should be 18 to 22%.
2, equipment operation
(1) Operation inside the equipment and its danger. The operations carried out in tanks, towers, tanks, tanks, balls, furnaces, drums, pipes, containers, etc., as well as basements, pits, pits, sewers, or other enclosed places that enter the oil and chemical production areas are called equipment operations. .
(2) Operational safety in the equipment:
1 The equipment inside operation must handle the “Inside equipment safety operation certificate†and strictly perform the examination and approval procedures.
Before entering the equipment, the equipment must be safely isolated from other equipment (blind plate or a piece of pipeline removed), cleaned and replaced.
3 Sample analysis must be carried out 30 minutes before entering the equipment. Strictly control the concentration of combustible gas, toxic gases and oxygen content within the scope of the safety index, and allow the equipment to enter the equipment after the analysis is qualified. If you work in the equipment for a long time, analysis at least every 2h.
4 Take proper ventilation measures to ensure that the air in the equipment is in good circulation.
5 There should be sufficient lighting, the lighting voltage inside the equipment should not be greater than 36V, the operation in the wet, small containers should be less than or equal to 12V, lamps and power tools should meet the safety requirements of moisture, explosion-proof and so on.
6 When working in equipment that has corrosion, suffocation, flammable, explosive or toxic materials, appropriate personal protective equipment and instruments must be worn as required.
7 In case of escalation of fire in the equipment, it must be handled in accordance with the provisions of the fire permit and compliance procedures.
8 The equipment must have special personnel to monitor and maintain effective contact with the equipment operators.
9 In the event of changes in maintenance work conditions and possible endangering the safety of operators, personnel must be withdrawn immediately; if it is necessary to continue operations, the approval procedures for entering the equipment must be re-approved.
10 After the work is completed, the maintenance personnel, the guardian, and the person in charge of the use department jointly check the inside of the equipment and confirm that there are no personnel, tools, or debris in the equipment before closing the equipment hole.
The above work is handled well to provide a good working environment for the smooth operation of the maintenance of chemical equipment, and to ensure the safety of inspection and maintenance and the normal operation of the equipment after maintenance to provide a reliable guarantee.
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