The ability to use two or more normally closed contacts to ensure that the coils are not energized at the same time becomes "interlocked." The forward and reverse control circuit of the three-phase asynchronous motor is a typical interlock circuit, as shown in Figure 5-4. Among them, KMl and KM2 are AC contactors that control forward running and reverse running, respectively.
Figure 5-4 Positive and negative control circuit of three-phase asynchronous motor
Figure 5-5 shows the external I/O wiring diagram and ladder diagram of the three-phase asynchronous motor with plc control. The ladder diagram that implements the forward and reverse control functions consists of two ladder diagrams that are guaranteed to be insured, plus interlocking contacts between the two.
Figure 5-5 I/O wiring diagram and ladder diagram for controlling motor forward and reverse with PLC
It should be noted that although the interlock contacts (X1 and X0, Y1 and Y0) of the soft relay are already in the ladder diagram, the normally closed contacts of KM1 and KM2 must also be used in the output circuit of the I/O wiring diagram. Point for hardware interlocking. Because the PLC soft relay interlocks only differ by one scan cycle, the open time of the external hardware contactor contacts is often greater than one scan cycle, and it is too late to respond, and the contact open time is generally longer than the closed time. For example, although Y0 is disconnected, the contact of KM1 may not be disconnected. In the absence of external hardware interlock, the contact of KM2 may be turned on, causing the main circuit to be short-circuited, so hardware and software double interlocking must be adopted. Double interlocking is used, and the short circuit of the main circuit of the motor is also avoided due to the welding of the main contacts of the contactor KM1 or KM2.
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