Flat panel display industry is facing major changes
Flat panel display technology has become more and more important in contemporary people's life and work. The phrase "the big screen, small screen, everyone has" fully expresses this situation. China is the most populous country in the world. The importance of the development of the flat panel display industry in China's industrial development is beyond any doubt. The current mainstream of flat panel display technology is liquid crystal display technology. China is already the largest country in the world in terms of LCD industry. The progress of LCD technology in China over the past 20 years is obvious to all. However, because our country has not been able to independently master the core technologies of related industries, China has always been in a passive position in the international competition of this major industry. Despite great development, the economic losses are still quite high. huge. This lesson is recognized in the industry.
At present, flat panel display technology is once again on the eve of a major shift. Once again, our country is relatively passive and lacks the necessary preparations. If we do not take strong measures in time and appropriately concentrate our efforts to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past 20 years, we will continue to be in a passive “introduction†state in international competition and cannot master the core technologies independently. The development of science and technology will face serious losses.
Flat panel display industry technology will face two major and essential changes:
1. The television screen technology ("big screen" technology) will shift from a liquid crystal (LC) display to an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display.
2. "Small screen" technologies such as cell phones and laptop computers will shift to "hybrid" holographic laser projection (HLP) technology.
Judging from the international development situation, the former will appear on the market in large scale in about 3 to 5 years. The latter may be slower, but it will also appear in a certain scale within 3 to 5 years. Therefore, the task before us is extremely urgent.
TFT Technology Based on Oxide Electronics Matters Global
After more than 20 years of development, OLEDs have matured as the basic components of flat panel displays. From the aspect of brightness, color, lifespan, process, etc., although it will continue to be improved, replacing the LC screen with an OLED screen is technically mature. Compared with LC screens, OLED screens have advantages in terms of energy consumption, color, and visual perception, which have also been confirmed by practice. So why is this substitution not universally accepted? The problem lies in the circuitry that drives the OLED display. In the display system, the LC screen is essentially a light switch, and its operation is essentially voltage-driven. At present, a TFT circuit prepared using amorphous silicon (a-silicon) technology for liquid crystal display is capable of satisfying the demand for LC-TFT scale production. For OLED screen systems, OLED devices are themselves light sources, and their operation requires large currents. However, due to the low carrier mobility of amorphous silicon (a-silicon) thin films currently used for liquid crystal TFTs, the circuit system cannot provide sufficient current for the OLED devices. In order to increase the mobility of the a-silicon thin film, a low-temperature polysilicon (LTPS) technology based on a grain recrystallization effect has been developed. With this improved LTPS technology, it can be used to prepare OLED display screens. As a result, mobile phones, notebook computers, and small color televisions that used OLED screens began to appear on the market several years ago. However, it is estimated that since the finished product is difficult to achieve a high level when the area is large, no market other than the mobile phone screen is actually formed.
In fact, in the oxide conductive materials widely used in optoelectronics technology, their carrier mobility is not difficult to achieve several times to several dozen times of polysilicon film. Therefore, the development of TFT technology based on oxide materials for OLED displays is also gaining international attention. In an advisory opinion on OLED screens written by us three years ago, we suggested that the key to the scientific and technical work of transferring the flat panel display industry from LC screens to OLED screens is to develop the corresponding TFT circuit technology. However, the current emphasis highlighted in the report is on the development of improved LTPS technology, striving to further improve its uniformity and large area yield. At the same time, it also proposed to pay attention to the development of oxide TFT circuit technology and strengthen the research power. However, recent international trends show that our original estimate is too conservative. There is no doubt that OLED screen display technology based on oxide-based TFT circuit technology is now on the eve of mature and large-scale industrialization, and products have already begun to be sold. Undoubtedly, in 3 to 5 years, in the television industry, the display technology of OLED screen will replace the display technology of LC screen to become the mainstream, and the display technology of OLED screen will be based on TFT technology of oxide electronics. We believe this is the key to science and technology that is well prepared to achieve this major transformation.
In the past 20 years, a great deal of work has been done internationally on the physical, chemical and material sciences of oxides and their applications in electronics and optoelectronics. There are also quite a number of research work in various fields in China. It should be said that A certain foundation. Oxide electronics has gradually become a common word at home and abroad. If we develop an autonomous oxide-based large-area TFT circuit technology and provide the basis for the independent development of our country's OLED screen display technology industry, we will combine the strengths of existing domestically well-established OLED materials and device technologies. Combining the enthusiasm of the introduction of flat panel display technology in the domestic business community, we will meticulously organize the scientific and technological forces of physics, chemistry, materials science, materials technology and integrated electronics, and work together to strive to master the key science and technology in 3 to 5 years, including the process There is an independent capacity for the development of equipment, so that in the competition for this high-tech industry, it will be meaningful and worthwhile to strive for a certain sense of initiative for China.
This competition is not only helpful for the development of the OLED flat panel display industry, but also for China's oxide electronics to compete for a more cutting-edge position. It is estimated that the oxide electronics will have greater application prospects in information storage, optoelectronics, magnetic electronics, superconducting electrons, etc. This is also worth the effort.
Should pay attention to display technology based on holographic laser projection technology
In recent years, the development trend of integrating networks, photography, television and other functions into mobile communication (mobile phone) has attracted a lot of attention, but it also revealed that the tremendous progress in electronics is limited by the need for a display screen as a human-machine interface. Limitations. If we look at the development of such electronic products represented by the iPhone and iPad, it is easy to understand this problem. Is it possible to solve this problem based on laser projection? If you develop a method that uses laser projection and replaces the flat panel display with a virtual keyboard and projection screen as a human-machine interface, you can take notebook computers (word processing), communication, photography, All of the televisions are integrated on a mobile phone that can be put in a jacket pocket! This is a very tantalizing idea. Due to the development of semiconductor lasers and micromechanical technology, this concept has been completely possible and is not economically expensive. For example, such mobile phone projectors have appeared on the market. The problem lies in the use of traditional pixel-to-pixel projection methods, the use of light is less efficient, and the brightness of the screen is not enough. In addition, because of the "flash spot" effect caused by the coherence of laser light, it is harmful to the human eye, and measures to avoid this damage further reduce the efficiency of light utilization. Therefore, the above-mentioned laser projection display technology has been difficult to become large-scale. industry.
Recently, a new type of laser projection technology has been developed internationally. This technology is based on the concept of holographic laser projection (HLP). The transmitted image information is processed by numerical techniques to convert the long-wavelength part of the image to phase. The modulated hologram (holographic grating) uses diffractive optics to achieve projection, which is the majority of the projected light energy. The short-wave part still scans the projection by means of pixel-to-pixel to provide the "detail" of the image, which is only a small part of the projected light energy. The result of this is that the efficiency of the use of light energy can be greatly increased, thus increasing the brightness of the image, and at the same time solving the "flash spot" problem. Not only theoretical calculations, but experiments have also proved that using this kind of HLP technology, which can be called "hybridization", can really transform a mobile phone into a notebook computer, making it possible to integrate Internet, communication, photography, television, and word processing functions. You can use it anywhere, anytime on your phone in your pocket. This will be a new era of flat panel display! Not to mention, HLP technology itself contains the possibility of three-dimensional display, heralding the future of 3D image technology.
Diffractive optics, especially holographic optics, is an important part of modern optics. China has already established certain foundations in such fields as adaptive optics, image data processing and transmission technology. Semiconductor lasers and micro-mechanical technologies have also had a certain basis in our country. At present, we should seize the time and organize relevant domestic forces to develop synergies such as micro-mechanics, semiconductor ultraviolet and blue-green laser technology, diffractive optics, and computational holography from the perspective of developing hybrid HLP display technologies. Within 3 to 5 years, China has a certain sense of autonomous development in this highly competitive industry.
The result of this will also advance China's progress in micro-mechanics, modern optics, and laser technology. The significance of these technologies in advancing high-tech industries and defense technologies is also significant.
The above two aspects of R&D work are closely related to contemporary materials science, modern optics, nanoscience, and laser science, and will greatly promote the development of these disciplines. It can be considered as an opportunity for the development of disciplines. As the industrial sector has a strong interest in the development of these two areas, it is also a good opportunity for the Chinese Academy of Sciences, research universities and industrial sectors to develop in synergy.
Flat panel display technology has become more and more important in contemporary people's life and work. The phrase "the big screen, small screen, everyone has" fully expresses this situation. China is the most populous country in the world. The importance of the development of the flat panel display industry in China's industrial development is beyond any doubt. The current mainstream of flat panel display technology is liquid crystal display technology. China is already the largest country in the world in terms of LCD industry. The progress of LCD technology in China over the past 20 years is obvious to all. However, because our country has not been able to independently master the core technologies of related industries, China has always been in a passive position in the international competition of this major industry. Despite great development, the economic losses are still quite high. huge. This lesson is recognized in the industry.
At present, flat panel display technology is once again on the eve of a major shift. Once again, our country is relatively passive and lacks the necessary preparations. If we do not take strong measures in time and appropriately concentrate our efforts to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past 20 years, we will continue to be in a passive “introduction†state in international competition and cannot master the core technologies independently. The development of science and technology will face serious losses.
Flat panel display industry technology will face two major and essential changes:
1. The television screen technology ("big screen" technology) will shift from a liquid crystal (LC) display to an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display.
2. "Small screen" technologies such as cell phones and laptop computers will shift to "hybrid" holographic laser projection (HLP) technology.
Judging from the international development situation, the former will appear on the market in large scale in about 3 to 5 years. The latter may be slower, but it will also appear in a certain scale within 3 to 5 years. Therefore, the task before us is extremely urgent.
TFT Technology Based on Oxide Electronics Matters Global
After more than 20 years of development, OLEDs have matured as the basic components of flat panel displays. From the aspect of brightness, color, lifespan, process, etc., although it will continue to be improved, replacing the LC screen with an OLED screen is technically mature. Compared with LC screens, OLED screens have advantages in terms of energy consumption, color, and visual perception, which have also been confirmed by practice. So why is this substitution not universally accepted? The problem lies in the circuitry that drives the OLED display. In the display system, the LC screen is essentially a light switch, and its operation is essentially voltage-driven. At present, a TFT circuit prepared using amorphous silicon (a-silicon) technology for liquid crystal display is capable of satisfying the demand for LC-TFT scale production. For OLED screen systems, OLED devices are themselves light sources, and their operation requires large currents. However, due to the low carrier mobility of amorphous silicon (a-silicon) thin films currently used for liquid crystal TFTs, the circuit system cannot provide sufficient current for the OLED devices. In order to increase the mobility of the a-silicon thin film, a low-temperature polysilicon (LTPS) technology based on a grain recrystallization effect has been developed. With this improved LTPS technology, it can be used to prepare OLED display screens. As a result, mobile phones, notebook computers, and small color televisions that used OLED screens began to appear on the market several years ago. However, it is estimated that since the finished product is difficult to achieve a high level when the area is large, no market other than the mobile phone screen is actually formed.
In fact, in the oxide conductive materials widely used in optoelectronics technology, their carrier mobility is not difficult to achieve several times to several dozen times of polysilicon film. Therefore, the development of TFT technology based on oxide materials for OLED displays is also gaining international attention. In an advisory opinion on OLED screens written by us three years ago, we suggested that the key to the scientific and technical work of transferring the flat panel display industry from LC screens to OLED screens is to develop the corresponding TFT circuit technology. However, the current emphasis highlighted in the report is on the development of improved LTPS technology, striving to further improve its uniformity and large area yield. At the same time, it also proposed to pay attention to the development of oxide TFT circuit technology and strengthen the research power. However, recent international trends show that our original estimate is too conservative. There is no doubt that OLED screen display technology based on oxide-based TFT circuit technology is now on the eve of mature and large-scale industrialization, and products have already begun to be sold. Undoubtedly, in 3 to 5 years, in the television industry, the display technology of OLED screen will replace the display technology of LC screen to become the mainstream, and the display technology of OLED screen will be based on TFT technology of oxide electronics. We believe this is the key to science and technology that is well prepared to achieve this major transformation.
In the past 20 years, a great deal of work has been done internationally on the physical, chemical and material sciences of oxides and their applications in electronics and optoelectronics. There are also quite a number of research work in various fields in China. It should be said that A certain foundation. Oxide electronics has gradually become a common word at home and abroad. If we develop an autonomous oxide-based large-area TFT circuit technology and provide the basis for the independent development of our country's OLED screen display technology industry, we will combine the strengths of existing domestically well-established OLED materials and device technologies. Combining the enthusiasm of the introduction of flat panel display technology in the domestic business community, we will meticulously organize the scientific and technological forces of physics, chemistry, materials science, materials technology and integrated electronics, and work together to strive to master the key science and technology in 3 to 5 years, including the process There is an independent capacity for the development of equipment, so that in the competition for this high-tech industry, it will be meaningful and worthwhile to strive for a certain sense of initiative for China.
This competition is not only helpful for the development of the OLED flat panel display industry, but also for China's oxide electronics to compete for a more cutting-edge position. It is estimated that the oxide electronics will have greater application prospects in information storage, optoelectronics, magnetic electronics, superconducting electrons, etc. This is also worth the effort.
Should pay attention to display technology based on holographic laser projection technology
In recent years, the development trend of integrating networks, photography, television and other functions into mobile communication (mobile phone) has attracted a lot of attention, but it also revealed that the tremendous progress in electronics is limited by the need for a display screen as a human-machine interface. Limitations. If we look at the development of such electronic products represented by the iPhone and iPad, it is easy to understand this problem. Is it possible to solve this problem based on laser projection? If you develop a method that uses laser projection and replaces the flat panel display with a virtual keyboard and projection screen as a human-machine interface, you can take notebook computers (word processing), communication, photography, All of the televisions are integrated on a mobile phone that can be put in a jacket pocket! This is a very tantalizing idea. Due to the development of semiconductor lasers and micromechanical technology, this concept has been completely possible and is not economically expensive. For example, such mobile phone projectors have appeared on the market. The problem lies in the use of traditional pixel-to-pixel projection methods, the use of light is less efficient, and the brightness of the screen is not enough. In addition, because of the "flash spot" effect caused by the coherence of laser light, it is harmful to the human eye, and measures to avoid this damage further reduce the efficiency of light utilization. Therefore, the above-mentioned laser projection display technology has been difficult to become large-scale. industry.
Recently, a new type of laser projection technology has been developed internationally. This technology is based on the concept of holographic laser projection (HLP). The transmitted image information is processed by numerical techniques to convert the long-wavelength part of the image to phase. The modulated hologram (holographic grating) uses diffractive optics to achieve projection, which is the majority of the projected light energy. The short-wave part still scans the projection by means of pixel-to-pixel to provide the "detail" of the image, which is only a small part of the projected light energy. The result of this is that the efficiency of the use of light energy can be greatly increased, thus increasing the brightness of the image, and at the same time solving the "flash spot" problem. Not only theoretical calculations, but experiments have also proved that using this kind of HLP technology, which can be called "hybridization", can really transform a mobile phone into a notebook computer, making it possible to integrate Internet, communication, photography, television, and word processing functions. You can use it anywhere, anytime on your phone in your pocket. This will be a new era of flat panel display! Not to mention, HLP technology itself contains the possibility of three-dimensional display, heralding the future of 3D image technology.
Diffractive optics, especially holographic optics, is an important part of modern optics. China has already established certain foundations in such fields as adaptive optics, image data processing and transmission technology. Semiconductor lasers and micro-mechanical technologies have also had a certain basis in our country. At present, we should seize the time and organize relevant domestic forces to develop synergies such as micro-mechanics, semiconductor ultraviolet and blue-green laser technology, diffractive optics, and computational holography from the perspective of developing hybrid HLP display technologies. Within 3 to 5 years, China has a certain sense of autonomous development in this highly competitive industry.
The result of this will also advance China's progress in micro-mechanics, modern optics, and laser technology. The significance of these technologies in advancing high-tech industries and defense technologies is also significant.
The above two aspects of R&D work are closely related to contemporary materials science, modern optics, nanoscience, and laser science, and will greatly promote the development of these disciplines. It can be considered as an opportunity for the development of disciplines. As the industrial sector has a strong interest in the development of these two areas, it is also a good opportunity for the Chinese Academy of Sciences, research universities and industrial sectors to develop in synergy.
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