0 Preface
Since the 20th century, the excessive emission of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide has caused global warming to intensify. Extreme and abnormal climates such as El Niño have appeared frequently, which has attracted great attention from all countries in the world. Saving energy, reducing emissions, and promoting the development of a low-carbon economy have become global consensus, and countries around the world are actively pursuing this. As a developing country, China assumes its own international obligations and makes unremitting efforts to achieve this goal. The Civil Aviation Administration of China clearly stated the specific objectives of energy conservation and emission reduction in the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†of civil aviation.
In recent years, China's civil aviation has used a variety of new technologies and methods in airport construction and management operations, such as the full use of natural lighting and natural ventilation in the construction of terminals; the installation of light-sensing facilities in areas such as terminal buildings. Automatically turn off lights and air conditioners; central air conditioning with intelligent adjustment function; for airport rainwater and sewage collection and advanced treatment, for greening, sanitation, equipment cooling and fire fighting water. The implementation of these technologies and measures has improved the comprehensive utilization of airport resources, reduced dependence on traditional energy sources such as electric energy, and effectively reduced carbon dioxide emissions.
1 green airport
Green building follows the principle of sustainable development and reflects the concept of green balance. Through scientific and overall design, integrated green configuration, natural ventilation and lighting, low energy entrapment structure, solar energy utilization, geothermal utilization, water use, green building materials and intelligence Control and other high-tech, fully demonstrate the harmonious unity of humanities and architecture, environment and technology. The green airport, which is derived from the modern green building concept, is in line with the requirements of low carbon. Green airport refers to the full use of the latest scientific and technological achievements in the full life cycle (site selection, planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance and scrapping) of airport facilities, and the efficient use of resources (energy, land, water resources, materials) ), the way to minimally affect the environment, to build the safest, healthier, more efficient and comfortable work and activity space under the lowest environmental load, to promote the balance between man and nature, airport environment and development, construction and operation, economic growth and social progress. Airport system. Obviously, saving resources and reducing energy consumption in the operation of the airport is an important connotation of green airport construction.
2 navigation lights
Most of the airports are large local electricity users, and the number of navigation lights in the airside area of ​​the airport is large, the distribution area is wide, and the working time is long. It is one of the key directions for energy conservation and consumption reduction of the airport. Usually, the use of high-efficiency light source can reduce construction investment; the long-life light source can reduce the amount of work and maintenance; the energy-saving light source can reduce the annual operating cost.
In our national airports, common navigation lights include runway lights, taxiway lights and approach lights in the flight area, and aircraft signage and high pole lights in the apron area. The navigational lights are the body language of the airport. They provide visual guidance for the approach, landing, taxiing and take-off of the aircraft with unique lamp types, light intensity, color, specific strobe and effective range, and are irreplaceable. The role. While many aircraft are equipped with a variety of advanced radio navigation aids and instrument landing systems, these navigation lights are still indispensable during the final stages of aircraft approaching until taxiing. It has special significance for ensuring safe flight and improving airport operational support capabilities.
The runway lights in the general flight area are further divided into runway entrance identification lights, runway entrance wing lights, runway entrance lights, runway center line lights, runway side lights, runway end lights, and grounded lights. The taxiway lights in the flight area are further divided into taxiway center line lights, taxiway side lights, intermediate waiting position lights, stop row lights, warning lights, and taxiway guide signs. The navigation lights in the flight area and the apron area are controlled by the tower and the light station, respectively.
High-altitude lamps in the apron area generally use a metal halide lamp as a light source, such as a xenon lamp or an indium lamp. The rated power is 250 to 3 500 W, and the luminous efficiency is 60 to 90 lm/W. 1 000 to 2 000 h.
The tag uses a halogen lamp as the light source, rated at 50 W, rated current 6.6 A, operating temperature -55 to 55 °C, protection class IP34, wind resistance 45 m/s (162 km/h) .
Runway lights and taxiway lights are mostly used as tungsten bromidelamps. The rated power is 50 W, the luminous efficiency is 12 lm/W, the service life is 1 000 h, and the lamp body material is aluminum alloy.
In addition to being turned on at night, the navigation lights are often used in low visibility and fog, and the tungsten halogen light source has a service life of only 1,500 h even if the lamp life is large. Calculated by turning on the light for 15 hours every day, the light intensity of the bulb will not meet the standard requirements within 3 months, and need to be replaced. If it is not replaced, the dimming intensity level needs to be increased. Therefore, it is necessary to study the life and energy consumption of the navigation light source under the premise of flight safety.
3 LED light source
With the development of solid state physics and semiconductor technology, humans have developed a fourth generation of light source - LED (light emitting diode) light source. LED light source is a solid light source based on the principle that electrons generate photon light emission between semiconductor energy band transitions. Compared with traditional light source, it has such advantages: low power consumption, small heat radiation, fast reflection speed, good color rendering; light effect High, currently 50 to 80 lm/W, up to 100 to 120 lm/W; longer than traditional light sources, generally more than 50,000 hours, and can be used at high frequencies, arbitrarily controlling its brightness and power consumption, It does not affect its life; it is rich in color and easy to form various lamp color series; it is resistant to vibration, impact and non-breaking. The waste contains no metal mercury and can be recycled. The LED unit is small in size and can be packaged into a light and thin device. , adaptability; DC work, voltage between 4 ~ 24 V, such low voltage is particularly suitable for use in public places.
Because the LED light source does not have the disadvantages of incandescent bulbs, high power consumption, fragility, and pollution of mercury-containing wastes in fluorescent lamps, and it has decorative effects, it has been consistently optimistic in the industry. Based on the characteristics of the LED light source, it can meet the high luminous efficiency, long life and energy saving requirements of the green airport navigation light, so it is very suitable and necessary to apply it to the airside navigation field of the airport.
4 Implementation of the application
The green airport is an unstoppable historical trend of social development. It conforms to the current international and domestic development trends and conforms to the concept of sustainable development and the requirements of a low-carbon economy. There are 166 civil airports in China, and according to the plan announced by the Civil Aviation Administration, 97 airports will be built by 2020. These airports will be built in accordance with the scientific development concept, sustainable development and the concept of “green airportâ€. The green concept will run through the entire life cycle of the airport. In addition, in the face of the rapid growth of civil aviation, there will be a large number of existing airport renovation and expansion projects, they will also follow the "green airport" development road. This is of great significance to China's civil aviation industry and the benefit of society.
In 2008, at the Xianyang International Airport in Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, the LED light source was first applied to the sidewalk lamp renovation project. After the project was put into operation, the energy saving and consumption reduction effects were very significant.
In addition, the LED light source uses a DC power source. If solar photovoltaic power generation technology is adopted, the solar panel receives sunlight and generates electric energy, and the generated electric energy is stored in the storage battery, and is taken out from the storage battery when electricity is needed. The solar panel emits direct current, and the battery is also supplied with direct current. At this time, the LED light source can be directly supplied. On islands far from the land, the power mode of LEDs brings great convenience to airport navigation lights.
The use of LED as the source of airport navigation light, high reliability, and energy saving, environmental protection, green, low carbon, not only improve the airport's ability to operate and guarantee, but also obtain good social and economic benefits.
references
[1]Wang Yongsheng. Green Construction————Notes on the Construction of Chaoyang Flight Academy of Civil Aviation University of China[J]. University Education Research, 2009(19): 104.
[2] Li Wei. Solar Photovoltaic Technology and Building Application [J]. Building Electric, 2007 (9): 19.
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