Challenges of deploying large-scale video integrated management system
As the video surveillance system is striding forward in the direction of massive resource distribution and social application, the development trend of IP, high-definition and intelligent technology has brought the video surveillance industry into a new period of transformation. In the process of implementing large-scale transformation and upgrading of traditional analog video surveillance systems, in the process of designing and selecting new video surveillance system architectures, users have not only put forward increasingly stringent requirements on image clarity, real-time performance, reliability and ease of use The requirements also put forward comprehensive requirements for energy-saving, high-efficiency and environmental protection systems for equipment manufacturers and system integrators. If two products with the same characteristics and price are given, the user must choose the product with the lowest energy consumption in order to achieve environmental protection.
A complete video surveillance system includes main links such as front-end collection, intermediate transmission, back-end display management and storage. The equipment responsible for back-end display management is the core control center of the entire system. Whether it is a single system formed by one node, or a networked system composed of multiple nodes, whether it is analog video access, digital video access, or analog-to-digital mixed access, only through the back-end display management equipment can the decentralized images be deployed The resources are aggregated and processed, and a human-machine interface is formed. The core role of this integrated video control makes it an indispensable soul in every system. Due to the complexity of this system architecture, especially the need to solve the problem of integrated access to analog video and digital video, the specific composition is also The most abundant, involving receiving optical transceivers, network video decoders, matrix switching controllers, hard disk recorders, management servers, disk arrays and other equipment. Because the energy loss of the camera responsible for front-end acquisition and the cable fiber responsible for intermediate transmission is relatively low, the goals of reducing power consumption, improving energy efficiency, and compressing the overall cost are placed in the back-end display management link. There are several types of problems:
1. Low integration and troublesome deployment
At present, in the analog video access system with a large proportion in the market, most of the back-end display management devices are equipped with a matrix for overall quick browsing, real-time uncompressed display and real-time control of all videos. A matrix with 256 inputs and 32 outputs, most of which need to be equipped with more than two large card-type chassis, and also need an external CPU controller and code distributor, etc., excluding hard disk recorders / video distributors, etc. are already occupied Nearly 1 standard cabinet space. Exceeding the video capacity of a single chassis, it requires the cooperation of multiple CPU units between different chassis, and the connection of a large number of video cables between multiple chassis, which easily introduces signal interference and instability factors. If the solution of embedded DVR recording plus digital decoding matrix or network video codec is adopted, a large amount of network resources need to be configured, the reliability / stability of the system is easily affected, and the cost of operation and maintenance is relatively high.
2. Limited expansion and difficult evolution
In the current video surveillance system, the diversification of various standard video formats such as analog standard definition CVBS, analog high definition SDI, digital standard definition D1, digital high definition 720P, etc., brings users the uncertainty of system evolution and higher equipment upgrade costs. In addition to the two types of analog video signals, which are universal international standards and can be used directly for conversion, digital video signals are currently each manufacturer's own compression algorithm and standard, which is difficult to be compatible with each other, causing equipment replacement and waste, occupying storage space and pollution surroundings. Even the analog matrix responsible for video switching control has limitations in structural design. For example, each functional board can only be inserted into a fixed slot on the back panel, and cannot be flexibly combined. In addition to the expansion of the video input and output modules, it cannot Add new functional units for system expansion.
3. High power consumption and high emission
In the past, power consumption was often ranked at a lower priority than most other variables (speed / performance, cost of construction, time to market, system risk). However, in today's market, power consumption has become a very important component in the design decision process. For example, of the hundreds of millions of yuan spent on electricity for various monitoring centers each year, 25% of the cost is directly attributable to the large equipment and various types of servers in the system, and 50% of the cost is used for cooling systems and fans. Power supply to eliminate heat generated by running equipment. In addition, even a small monitoring center emits 20 tons of carbon dioxide every year due to equipment operation.
The principle of low power consumption and high energy efficiency in the integrated video control system
1. High density and compact design
Reducing the number and volume of control and management equipment not only reduces system power consumption, but also compresses floor space. For example, from the early industrial control DVR to the later embedded DVR, from the installation of compression cards to 16-channel CIF to the current 16-channel D1; for example, the hard disk capacity has become mainstream from 80G three years ago to the current 1T; such as matrix switching control Devices, from the early single chassis 192 in 16 out to the current industry's mainstream single chassis 256 in 64 out, and the 1U chassis 32 in 16 out of the industry's most compact small system for vehicle / conference room applications; for example, the optical transceiver transmits from point to point 16 channels to single fiber, and node / convergence optical system.
The high-density compact structure design allows the same space to accommodate more video access, the same power consumption to provide better image quality, the same video index takes up less bandwidth resources and disk capacity, and the same system equipment costs less cost. For example, a large intelligent network matrix with 256 inputs and 64 outputs, the weight of a single module of video input and output does not exceed 1kg, the full configuration weight of the matrix does not exceed 25kg, and the full load consumption of the whole machine is only 90w, which is 70% lighter than the previous generation analog matrix %, Power consumption is reduced by 85%. In addition, because the CPU unit / code distributor / power module are all built-in, the power supply requirements of the supporting equipment are reduced. The high integration and high integration also greatly increase the speed of system installation and deployment, without considering the multi-chassis, multi-device Connect to each other and set up repeatedly. The high-density 7U rack cabinet reduces the space requirements of the computer room / cabinet and saves user resources (shown in Figure 1).
2. Modular structure configuration, flexible expansion
The video monitoring system is divided into multiple functional modules according to different customer needs and technical implementation methods, including: audio and video switching, front-end cloud mirror control, alarm collection linkage, digital video storage, network remote transmission and data transmission and forwarding. After years of evolution, each functional module has become its own independent industry and product line. Each device realizes different functions and plays different roles to meet the relatively independent needs of users. Therefore, it is designed into different functional boards and hardware structures, and the size and appearance of the chassis are also different. However, under the general environment of increasingly fierce competition and the trend of focusing on industrial solutions, we must consider how to integrate multiple different categories of products to provide users with integrated products that are highly integrated, convenient to use, and operate and maintain efficient Systems; and in order to cope with price competition, the industrialization requirements of cost compression and quality control must be realized. Even the products of the same company are faced with the problems of low product efficiency, large output and low output, different hardware structures, uncommon board chassis, and inability to guarantee inspection standards. The modular structure design has become the most effective solution.
Taking the current more advanced MSIP generalized module structure technology as an example, its core design idea is to integrate video input and output, audio input and output, Chinese character overlay, full cross-switching management, optical receiving and transmitting, alarm input and output, network video codec, etc. Each functional module unifies the hardware interface and the bottom protocol stack according to the standard protocol, and is assembled to the universal high-speed bus backplane through the embedded rail card slot of the standard rack cabinet. The various functional modules are coded according to a unified standard attribute category, which can be flexibly matched according to actual needs. Built into any slot of the backplane of the universal bus, the number and position of the boards do not need to be limited by addresses. The system automatically scans and recognizes and quickly goes online to run. In the future, customers can Expansion, upgrade and maintenance of various functional modules on their own, reducing system deployment costs by at least 20%. For example, the VMS video integrated centralized control platform system developed based on this platform adopts a 7U standard card-type chassis. The CPU unit, code divider, network switch, and power module are all built-in. It supports 256 analog video inputs and 64 analog video outputs. Multi-channel network video codec module, supports digital video input and output, realizes mixed switching control of analog and digital video signals, users can remotely browse and control front-end image scenes at any node in the network, and multiple built-in 32-channel alarm signal input modules Or a network alarm host to support various alarm types of perimeter alarm detectors (shown in Figure 2).
Both analog video and digital video can be unified by using codecs with the same interface standard, plug and play, and solve the problem of compatibility of multiple video formats. The software unit for comprehensive management of video images also needs to be modularized. Users can control the CMS master control management, video storage, user authority, agent forwarding, WEB service, alarm management, GIS map and other software units according to the actual needs of the system. With a menu-based configuration, it can be deployed independently or work together.
The main function of multi-module integration is to be able to achieve comprehensive linkage with sound and images. For example, after the perimeter alarm detector triggers an alarm, it is associated with a preset one or more channels of video switching display and video storage. The audio signal exceeds the set decibel threshold. Preset video switching display, there is a preset video switching display associated with an object after moving an object in the video scene perception setting area. If the front-end camera is a pan / tilt zoom camera, the preset preset position and cruise track will be activated. For this kind of integrated linkage intelligent preset processing, macro editing can be used to realize quick editing and custom calling. Macro is a user-defined operation instruction to replace a series of manual and time-consuming and difficult-to-memory repetitive keyboard operations. It automatically completes various preset operations and provides emergency plans for emergency situations. Through the friendly human-computer interaction interface of Macro, inputting the demand can let the system automatically realize the unified call and associated operation of each extended function module, and the user does not need to care about how the underlying hardware equipment realizes the instruction intercommunication and data exchange. The fundamental reason is that all functional modules adopt a unified protocol stack and standard interface design, thereby forming a highly intelligent integrated integrated device.
3. Unified platform application, smooth evolution
In the face of large and complex video surveillance systems with many devices, the least effective part of the management process is that they cannot be operated quickly and effectively. To this end, we need to start from the unified platform application interface and strengthen the single-product event flow management.
The unified platform application interface requires all software units and hardware modules to be managed by a master control server, unified data exchange, unified clock, unified video transmission, and shared processing resources. Taking the VMS video integrated centralized control platform system as an example, this master control server can realize the management of all reference function modules and extended function modules in the system, including video input and output, storage disks, recording channels, user rights, events For all settings of trigger and operation logs, users only need to access this IP through the client, which not only saves network resources, but also improves execution efficiency.
Event stream management pushes the single-core hub to multi-core nodes. The core idea is to decompose the relatively large video integrated centralized control platform system into second- and third-level sub-devices, thereby facilitating the low-cost and rapid deployment of small and medium-sized systems. For example, the intelligent network matrix uses WEB centralized control technology, with audio and video information flow as the data reference main line, binding network video input and output, alarm input linkage, alarm partition control, user authority management, front-end operation level and other functions, integrating multiple business modules. Integrated integration, users can easily manage through IE browser, no special workstation server, no complicated connection and tedious debugging, network keyboard based on standard protocol interface also provides users with convenient and flexible human-computer interaction interface.
4. Low power consumption and high energy efficiency
Whether it is a high-density compact structure design or a modular interface universal high-speed bus, it is necessary to consider the use of multiple innovative technical methods, higher frequency, higher performance, and smaller package size chip processing in system design and product design. Program. In many complex system designs, FPGA is a better choice, which can help designers improve the system's ease of use, scalability, and unit density. For example, in video switching and character superposition circuits, the original general solution required the configuration of multi-channel chips, which caused the circuit to be complex, the PCB circuit board area increased, and the system integration decreased. The FPGA can automatically recognize the video format and generate a synchronization signal to achieve video synchronization without jitter switching, and at the same time, user-defined character graphics can be superimposed on multiple video signals, and the execution efficiency and energy consumption compression rate are increased by 8 times. For example, the latest S-series 32-in 16-out video matrix, the chassis is only 1U high, uses multi-core single-board platform technology, switching, control, switching, and superposition are all solved by one main chip, providing compact small systems The best choice.
Power consumption is a relatively large overall cost, because when dealing with the thermal problems caused by excessive power consumption, the complexity of the circuit board design increases, the requirements for port density and bandwidth increase, but the form factor Declined, forcing development engineers to make adjustments to the project schedule and budget. (Shown in Figure 3)
The chip energy consumption includes many aspects. For example, the power consumption of the FPGA comes from the power consumption of the pre-programmed static device, the inrush programming current, the static power consumption after programming, and the dynamic power consumption. To solve this problem; on the one hand, the use of smaller chip manufacturing processes such as 65nm can solve these problems, on the other hand, it taps into the energy-saving potential, and uses a variety of power-saving technologies to reduce the power consumption of the whole machine, such as the use of low-consumption and high-efficiency DSP and PCB , Using intelligent software power saving technology, power control technology (shown in Figure 4).
Optimize the power supply design, reduce the number of components, reduce the PCB area, reduce the temperature, and improve the system reliability. Through the intelligent temperature control technology of the power supply, the rectifier module is automatically turned off / on, so that the power supply clock works in the most efficient load rate interval (shown in FIG. 5).
For the chassis structure, the thermal management system is simplified, and a smaller (or no) heat sink is used to make it have lower airflow requirements. On the one hand, by natural heat dissipation, the heat capacity is increased by 20% under the same volume. On the one hand, the heat dissipation system can automatically adjust according to temperature changes to reduce noise and power consumption (shown in Figure 6).
Low-power video: the future of integrated centralized control systems
The design of energy saving, emission reduction and low power consumption may still be a brand new concept in the video surveillance industry, and the video integrated centralized control system based on the multi-standard video access scheme is a brand new platform. Analog video and digital video have their respective market shares in current applications, but from the perspective of technological evolution and development, there is an irreversible trend from analog to digital. In the process of video surveillance evolution, the access rate is With continuous improvement, access resources continue to be enriched, and access technologies continue to develop. The current video surveillance system is a system in which multi-standard video coexists, and a system that requires integration and evolution. The inevitable trend of technology development makes traditional equipment need to be updated and replaced due to continuous aging. Can it be accessed with multiple videos to achieve flexible deployment and ensure initial investment? Can it respond to rapidly changing upgrade and expansion needs to achieve low power consumption and high Energy-efficient operation? So far, after years of research and development, Tiandi Weiye has mastered several core technologies in video integrated centralized management about switching display and control forwarding, and will continue to invest in the optimization and energy-saving research of the next generation system construction mode . Regardless of the problems facing future video surveillance systems, reducing power consumption will be a long-term challenge.
The Dry Type Transformers` materials are of high quality, scientific formula, and adopt advanced production testing equipment to produce according to strict process. The Dry Type Transformer has the characteristics of high reliability and long service life. Depending on the environment, different enclosures can be configured. It can be used as an upgraded product for Dry Transformer with low loss, low noise, obvious energy saving effect and free maintenance.
Dry Type Transformers
Dry Type Transformer,200 Kva Dry Type Transformer,50 Kva Dry Type Transformer,500 Kva Dry Transformer,Dry Type Transformers Manufacturers,Dry Distribution Transformers
FGI SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD , https://www.fgi-tech.com