In recent years, with the rapid development of modern science and technology, in the field of film and television technology, due to the wide application of high-tech technologies such as microelectronics technology, computer application technology, digital technology, mechatronics technology, reliability theory and technology, technical equipment has entered digitalization. era. These high-tech technologies have also brought about tremendous changes in the development, production, use and maintenance of new lighting equipment and new technologies. The digitalization, intelligence, computerization and networking of film and television lighting equipment are inevitable development trends. The use of new technology equipment has greatly enriched the means of film and television creation, greatly improving the technical quality and artistic effects of film and television works. Under this new situation, how to understand and master the development trend of lighting system technology in order to better apply these new equipment is particularly urgent and necessary. The following is a brief introduction to the development of lighting system technology.
Developing light source
Traditional lamps, such as spotlights and astigmatism lamps, are the most basic elements in the lighting system. At present, with the development of computer technology, numerical control technology and photoelectric technology, they are greatly challenged. The traditional luminaire only provides the necessary illuminance for reproducing the subject, and the beam is projected onto the subject, and the creative intention of the character is expressed by the character and the environment. The newly developed new types of lamps, such as effect lights and computer lights, have gradually broken through the traditional patterns that have followed decades, making the creation of light on the road of direct self-expression, making the lamps and beams themselves art. Appreciate part of it to show its beauty directly. In particular, the appearance of computer lights has completely changed the static state of the lighting effect, so that the light has entered the ranks of artistic performances, making the art of lighting from the artistic expression of the environment develop into an art with self-performance.
First, the effect of lighting
The effect lamps generally refer to a row of rows, a group of packages, and a variety of neon lights, fluorescent lamps, running lights, laser lights, etc. that we see at the TV variety show or on the TV screen. New luminaires.
In addition, the "Strong Discharge Lightning Effect Light", which won the 68th Oscar Technical Achievement Award in 1996, is an ultra-power gas discharge lamp. A lamp with a diameter of 25mm and a length of 800mm can instantaneously discharge up to 120kw of luminous efficiency. The control method is very simple. A micro switch can activate one or more discharge lamps, and multiple discharge lamps are simultaneously discharged at the same time, and the effect is particularly excellent.
These new effect lights are suitable for the evening stage, placed directly in the picture, making them part of the picture content, and the light beams of these effect lights directly face the audience and are no longer projected onto the environment and people. Therefore, we saw on the screen that they were shining and colorful, forming a beautiful landscape. People appreciate the charm of lighting art while enjoying the party.
Since the effect lights, the lamps and light effects have entered the picture, and there are lights in the picture, forming the three elements of the TV party picture composed of lights, scenery and people.
Second, the computer lights
The computer light is a new type of effect light that appeared in the early 1990s. Currently used in the world are computer lamps produced in Denmark, Italy and the United States. This luminaire is designed with new CNC drive, switching power supply technology and computer programming technology. Its characteristics, first, the use of optical devices, electronic components, color filter patterns and other devices in the design and processing of many high-tech, and second, large-scale centralized programming control.
The advent of computer lights has made lighting art a dynamic, performing, and multi-art form of art. The extensive use of computer lights in TV evenings has injected vitality into the light. The computer light can pass the smoke, so that people can directly see the light beam; through the lens, directly see the projection pattern of the light; through the color film, directly see the color of the light beam; through the reflection lens or the vibration of the light itself, directly see the movement of the light beam . These functions of the computer light, namely the beam, the pattern, the color, and their changes and movements, constitute a new language element of the light art. The beam moves freely in the picture, flies up and down, and the position, shape and color of the beam are constantly changing and combining. It can also change with the rhythm of the music to form a colorful and colorful landscape, creating a spectacular scene. . We can enjoy the overall performance of song and dance and lighting modeling changes in a larger space. There are scenes in the evening, light in the scene, dance in the light, light in the dance, sound in the light, and light in the sound. The color is gorgeous, the change is rich, the scene is spectacular, and the effect is strong, which is impossible for the dance performance itself. At the turn of the century, the "Millennium Celebration" large-scale literary evening was successfully broadcast live, and the computer lights also contributed.
Third, cold light source lamps
The cold light source lamp, SRGB constant three-color soft light, was first developed and produced by VIEDSSENCE in the late 1980s. It is now widely used in studios of TV stations all over the world.
SRGB luminaires have the following characteristics: First, it emits almost only visible light of red, green and blue, and its beam fully meets the color temperature requirements of the camera. Second, there is a special electronic "device" in the luminaire that solves the ordinary Fluorescent lamps must produce flicker problems that are unacceptable to lighting technology. This is the meaning of the S (SVSTAINED) letter in the trademark SRGB. Third, it emits only visible light, and emits almost no other spectrum of light such as infrared rays, so it emits almost no heat. Power saving also reduces the ventilation of the air conditioner, which can save 90% of the total operating cost of the studio; Fourth, the replacement cost of the lamp is also greatly reduced, the lamp life is 10,000 hours, medium and small studio For example, 10 hours a day, about 3 years, and incandescent lamp life is 200 to 300 hours.
Due to the soft light of the SRGB luminaire, the subject is very delicate and the subject feels very comfortable. The effect of the picture has a more "natural" and "softer" effect, giving the viewer's eyes a completely realistic effect as seen by the audience.
Such luminaires can be used in small and medium-sized studios, such as news, economics, special topics, and various columns, which are connected by the host. Several small studios in our station have been or are undergoing installation and renovation of cold light source lamps, and one of them is in trial operation.
Digital lighting control system The lighting control system, commonly known as dimming equipment, has gradually transitioned from analog dimming equipment to computer digital dimming equipment. Dimming equipment from the initial three-phase knife control, air switch control, variable resistor control, autotransformer control, thyristor control, to today's computer monitoring and control, to achieve digital control, program control, multi-function Automation.
Computer digital dimming equipment is generally composed of a computer dimming station, a digital (smart) dimming cabinet and a signal connection line between the two. Most of the current computer dimming stations control the dimming cabinet through the DMX512 signal, so that the output voltage of each optical path changes within 0~220V, thus achieving the purpose of controlling the brightness of the light. Two years ago, I introduced and used this equipment in the auditorium of the National Taiwan University.
The digital lighting control system has the following technical features;
First, digital, intelligent
In just a few years, the dimming station has been developed from an analog manual dimming station and a digital manual dimming station to a large computer dimming station. The dimming vertical (silicon) cabinet has also evolved from analog and digital analog to full digital. It can be said that it is changing with each passing day. The digitalization greatly enhances the functions of the dimming station and the dimming cabinet.
The computer dimming station is a combination of computer technology and dimming technology. It has the characteristics of controlling the change of brightness of the light, large capacity, convenient and flexible operation, and can be programmed from hundreds to thousands of lighting fields. The new data can also be saved. It not only has the functions of conventional dimming console (such as field, centralized control, effect, wiring, etc.), but also expands the use space of the dimming station (such as dual-purpose dimming station with intelligent lighting control and dimming function). A library of effects for a variety of special effects and effects models, a user-friendly editor, and more with feedback on various information.
The core of the all-digital dimming cabinet is a computer control system, so it has the advantage of being intelligent. Its input and output interface uses photoelectric isolation technology, and the cabinet uses a strong cold ventilation system. It can automatically detect various working states and error states of the system, such as load status, temperature status, current status, protection device status, etc., and can feed back status and information parameters to the digital dimming station, the so-called Reporting function. It can smoothly dim, adjustable dimming curve, overheat protection and so on.
Due to the emergence of intelligent luminaires, intelligent decoders with microprocessors can easily control more than a dozen parameters such as pattern, effect, brightness, color, speed and horizontal and vertical angle of reflective lenses through decoding of DMX digital signals. With the best combination of optics, graphics, color and motion, lighting designers can bring creativity to the limit.
Second, network
Networking is a new trend in digital lighting control systems. The schematic diagram of the dimming network control system is shown in Figure 1. It has the following advantages:
The first is resource sharing. There are various information resource libraries on the main console, such as the computer light control information base, the performance database, etc. through the network, the sub-control console can call relevant information.
The second is distributed control. The sub-control console can be placed in different places during the performance, and the main console uses the network to decompose the tasks onto the various sub-control consoles. Under the coordination of the main console, the sub-control consoles work together to complete the entire performance task.
The third is risk dispersion. When a sub-control station fails, the main control station can directly take over or designate another sub-control console to take over its work tasks to ensure the smooth performance.
The network technology of the lighting system is mainly used in the larger stage and studio. Through the networked lighting control system, equipment can be effectively used to improve system reliability and achieve risk dispersion.
Third, redundancy and fault tolerance technology
Redundancy technology usually refers to dual-system hot backup. For example, in the intelligent dimming cabinet of Youtu Company used by our station, two decoders (both main and auxiliary systems) receive the DMX signal of the dimming console at the same time, and simultaneously perform data processing, and the output signal of the main decoding is dimmed. . When the main decoder (main system) fails and fails, it automatically switches to the auxiliary decoder to continue decoding and dimming to ensure the normal operation of the broadcast.
Fault-tolerant technology means that when an operator makes a wrong command, the system can correct it according to predetermined rules. For example, when an error command is entered on the console, if the error command violates the relevant rules and belongs to the mask instruction set, the system does not respond or corrects it according to the predetermined requirements. The use of fault tolerant technology in lighting control systems is essential.
Computer-aided lighting design system The traditional lighting design is considered by the lighting engineer according to the situation of the performance venue, the design of the stage background and the requirements of the program for lighting. List the required equipment, manually draw the lamp position map and renderings. Then, according to the drawings, the construction and installation are carried out at the scene, and finally the manual operation and debugging are carried out. The work is complicated and the progress is slow. It wastes equipment and power resources, and it takes time and effort. It is not easy to predict the effect beforehand and it is difficult to modify it afterwards.
In recent years, many foreign companies have developed computer-aided lighting design systems and software. This result has made lighting designers even more powerful, both in terms of design speed, accuracy and design quality. For example, the MARTIN SHOW DESIGNER (MSD) system of MARTIN Company can create scenes and lighting designs with vivid three-dimensional graphics. It is easy to simulate scenes and lighting design through realistic rendering effects, which is very close to reality. The lighting designer can pre-program the solution, lamp position, color, etc. on the PC and download it to the lighting control board when in use. ACLighting's WYSIWYG (WYSIWYG system) system enables real-time visual lighting design with visual parameters including brightness, color, pattern, motion, aperture, lens, focus, color change and more.
Last year, I introduced the compuCAD lighting design software developed by the Israeli compulite company, which has been used in the lighting design work of the big studio. At the turn of the century, the "Millennium Celebration" large-scale literary live broadcast party held by the Taiwan Acrobatic Hall, the lighting engineers used this software to carry out the lighting design work of the lamp position and lighting on the computer.
The development of the intelligent studio auditorium from analog to digital is the road to the general trend. The digital studio is nothing more than a digital device from shooting, switching, recording to transmission. It only involves video and audio signals. In recent years, a technology hotspot in the field of TV production--virtual studio technology is also the development of digital technology in the studio. It uses modern computer graphics, image processing, computer vision, virtual reality technology and modern video technology to capture images from cameras. The real-time synthesis of the computer's three-dimensional virtual background or the real-time background of another location is performed in a unified three-dimensional perspective imaging relationship, thereby forming a new television program production system. This technology has the advantages unmatched by traditional studio technology, and its development will bring a revolution to TV production.
Regardless of the simulation, the digitization, or the virtual studio technology, they solve only the optimization problem of video and audio data processing. This does not include the issue of extremely important lighting systems in the studio. Only the intelligent lighting system in the studio can effectively integrate with the audio and video signals to solve all problems.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the intelligent studio lighting system.
The schematic has three layers. The first layer is the core layer, which has simulation technology, CAD system and expert system; the second layer is the digital lighting control system; the third layer is the combination of various automatic control systems. The information flows from the first layer, the second layer to the third layer, and the information is fed back to the layers through the sensor. The feedback information is compared with the respective set targets, and the relevant parameters (such as the brightness of the lamp, the projection angle of the mechanical lamp, the tracking position of the follow-up light, the state of the computer lamp, etc.) are automatically adjusted to achieve the best performance.
The intelligent studio has the following major features:
First, the sensor parts are everywhere. The intelligent studio uses a large number of various types of sensor components (such as position, weight, temperature, color temperature, sound, color, etc.) to collect various parameters of the target system to provide a reliable and reliable central processing system. Information to make a correct judgment.
Second, the automatic control system of various types of computer lighting, dimming vertical (silicon) cabinets, chasing lights, etc., a large number of automatic control systems.
Third, the digital lighting control system unified coordination and processing such as lighting performance, lamp positioning, brightness adjustment, color temperature correction, color switching and so on. This area has yet to be developed.
Fourth, the expert system
It is a decision system that contains a variety of specialized knowledge bases and inference rules. It performs comprehensive processing based on information fed back from outside, and makes decisions based on processing results and inference rules.
5. Computer Aided Design (CAD) System
It is an indispensable tool for sketching out the required operational models for use in expert systems and simulation techniques through a CAD system.
Sixth, simulation technology
It includes visualization, virtualization technology, etc., which is the main way to improve the efficiency of lighting design.
It can be seen from the above that after using the intelligent studio, not only can the lighting design, lamp positioning, dimming control and computer lamp control problems be unified, but also the manpower, material and financial resources can be greatly saved, and the work efficiency is greatly improved.
Intelligentization represents an important development direction of new technologies and equipment for TV lighting systems.
2.54mm (0.1") Pitch Female Headers
Overview
The most commonly seen female headers are 2.54mm (0.1") single or double row female/socket headers. These female headers together with its male counterpart are used in connecting Arduino boards and shields together. 2.54mm pitch female sockets/headers are low-profile connectors designed for signal and low power PC board connections when space is at a premium. They have the perfect height for clearing the USB-B connector and great for stacking multiple shields.
Since 2.54mm pitch female header is commonly used in a lot of applications, Scondar offers numerous options for this type of female header. Orientation can either be SMT or THM, single, dual or triple row. Antenk offers 2.54mm pitch female headers in either vertical or right-angle orientation. The pins and blades are also available in various sizes, counts, amperages, and plating.
The 2.54mm can accommodate a maximum current of 3A, with a 30 to 22 AWG wire size, and up to 40-positions. Antenk offers these female headers in high quality and affordable China-quoted price that snuggly fits with the pins of a male header and acts as a receptacle.
If you can not find the items you interest from above items, welcome to contact us, and you will always get fully responsive from us.
Applications of 2.54mm Pitch Female Headers
Electronics:
LED applications
Arduino boards
Arduino Pro
Arduino Mega
Solar applications
Weighing systems
Appliances:
Air conditioner
Refrigerator
Microwave oven
Washing machine
Water heater
Shower toilet
Washer/Dryer
Stove
Automotive, Heavy Duty Military and Marine
For densely packed equipment requiring weight reduction and downsizing and for tough and harsh conditions.
Vehicle infotainment
Computer peripherals
Battery Connections
Battery connections rely on the ability of the current to pass reliable and solid current. This prevents overheating in the circuit and voltage drop.
Rechargeable battery packs
Battery balancers
Battery eliminator circuits
Medical Diagnostic and Monitoring equipment
Heart monitors
Telecoms
Datacoms
Mount Type: Through-hole vs Surface Mount
At one side of this female header is a series of pins which can either be mounted and soldered directly onto the surface of the PCB (SMT) or placed into drilled holes on the PCB (THM).
Through-Hole (Poke-In)
Best used for high-reliability products that require stronger connections between layers.Aerospace and military products are most likely to require this type of mounting as these products experience extreme accelerations, collisions, or high temperatures.
Useful in test and prototyping applications that sometimes require manual adjustments and replacements.
2.54mm, 1-row vertical female header, 2.54mm, 2-row vertical female header, 2.54mm, 3-row vertical female header, 2.54mm, 1-row right-angle female header and 2.54mm, 2-row right-angle female header, 2.54mm U-
Shaped Female header, 2.54mm U-Shaped Dual Row Female header are examples of Antenk products with through-hole mount type.
Surface-Mount
The most common electronic hardware requirements are SMT.
Essential in PCB design and manufacturing, having improved the quality and performance of PCBs overall.
Cost of processing and handling is reduced.
SMT components can be mounted on both side of the board.
Ability to fit a high number of small components on a PCB has allowed for much denser, higher performing, and smaller PCBs.
2.54mm, 2-row right-angle female header and 2.54mm, 1-row right-angle female header are Antenk`s featured SMT female headers.
Orientation/Pin-Type: Vertical (Straight), Right-Angle and U-Shaped
2.54mm pitch female headers may be further classified into pin orientation as well, such as vertical or straight female header, right-angle female header or U-shaped female header.
Vertical or Straight Female Header Orientation
One side of the series of pins is connected to PCB board in which the pins can be at a right-angle to the PCB surface (usually called "straight" or [vertical") or..
Right-Angle Female Header Orientation
Parallel to the board's surface (referred to as "right-angle" pins).
U-Shaped Female Header Orientation
U-shaped orientation is characterized by the shape of the pins at one side of the header, forming a letter [U". It is often chosen for applications where repeat mating cycles are not required as it can also be used and soldered directly to both PCB's.
Each of these pin-types have different applications that fit with their specific configuration.
Single, Dual or Multiple Number of Rows
For a 2.54mm straight or vertical female header, the standard number of rows that Antenk offers ranges from 1 to 2 rows. However, customization can be available if 3, 4 or n number of rows is needed by the customer. Also, the number of contacts for the single row is about 2-40 pins while for dual row, the number contacts may vary from 2-80 pins.
Pin Material
The pins of the connector attached to the board have been designed with copper alloy. With customer`s demand the pins can be made gold plated.
Custom 2.54mm Pitch Female Headers
Customizable 2.54 mm pitch female headers are also available, making your manufacturing process way faster as the pins are already inserted in the headers, insulator height is made at the right size and the accurate pin length you require is followed.
Parts are made using semi-automated manufacturing processes that ensure both precision and delicacy in handling the headers before packaging on tape and reel.
Tape and Reel Packaging for SMT Components
Antenk's SMT headers are offered with customizable mating pin lengths, in which each series has multiple number of of circuits, summing up to a thousand individual part number combinations per connector series.
The tape and reel carrier strip ensures that the headers are packaged within accurately sized cavities for its height, width and depth, securing the headers from the environment and maintaining consistent position during transportation.
Antenk also offer a range of custom Tape and reel carrier strip packaging cavities.
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ShenZhen Antenk Electronics Co,Ltd , https://www.atkconnectors.com