Industry 4.0 is producing a mysterious chemical enzyme reaction in Chinese industry, becoming a national emotional syndrome. It is like a stone and a thousand waves. It splashes both the reflection of traditional industrial color and the analysis of new industrial elements. We must use a historical perspective to examine the various concepts of this life, in order to better understand what is happening now.
This article selects fifty words for simple reading and analysis. The words of a family may not be completely accurate. Different views, despite comments and corrections.
1.Industrie 4.0
Industry 4.0
Review
One of the most dazzling industrial concepts seems to be the sum of all industrial development, informatization and the Internet. It seamlessly connects and interoperates the digital world with physical entities to form a digital full-process loop, resulting in a new data value-added system. The Germans who have not been good at marketing have grabbed the first prize this time and have also caused China's unusual enthusiasm. German industry seems to have decided not to stick to the "Made in Germany" quality label, but is determined to move towards another century. However, in addition to being a famous self, this concept is not a real breakthrough. The following concept of this popularization is the synthesis of advanced management ideas and practices in design, production, manufacturing, operation and maintenance in recent decades. With the help of the Chinese government's "Internet +" and "Made in China 2025", Industry 4.0 is producing a mysterious chemical enzyme reaction in the Chinese industry, becoming a national emotional syndrome.
2.CPS
Cyber-Physical System
Cyber ​​system; or information physical fusion system
Review
The concept put forward by the Americans 2006 did not catch fire. Instead, it was changed by the Germans and replaced with the core concept of “Industry 4.0â€. The basic core is that the connection between the virtual and the entity, that is, between the digital space and the physical entity, creates connections, interactions, and mappings. The important thing is that the two can see each other and interoperate.
3. The third industrial revolution
The Third Industrial Revoluton
Review
This is not a matter of adding to the industry 4.0, but because the concept is very important. Although it does not seem to be the mainstream at present, the main point of this concept of the famous American scholar Rifkin is that there is a big market in the governments of western developed countries. The core idea is the shared economic model generated by the combination of renewable energy and the Internet. In his subsequent book, Rifkin proposed three elements for each of the great economic models: communication media, energy and transportation systems. Effortlessly, you can also correspond: Communication Internet, Energy Internet and Internet of Things are the core of the new economic model. Its most striking conclusion is that the cost of distributed energy will be almost zero in the future, which will subvert the mode of manufacturing.
The author advocates this word for two reasons. First, it is impossible for China to make 2025 to bypass the energy Internet. Industry 4.0 has almost no consideration for energy. Second, because Rifkin is the EU German government and high-level forum, it has repeatedly told the story. Three industrial revolutions. After listening to more German scholars, it is inevitable that the students will be inspired by the situation and +1 the fourth industrial revolution I4.0. There is not much to say about such a black belly; but we need to be clear that Industry 4.0 is just a stone for industrial upgrading. Touching forward, there may be a lot in the river.
4. APS
Advanced Planning and Scheduling Advanced Planning and Scheduling
Review
This is a typical real-time resource management system characterized by synchronization, optimality and real-time. When production planning needs change, APS will check capacity constraints, raw material constraints, demand constraints, transportation constraints, and capital constraints, which will ensure that the supply chain plan is effective at all times. It is mainly to respond to the changing and flexible demand plan, how to use the most effective plan to arrange production goals. It is almost close to the requirements of Industry 4.0 for individual production. However, companies with poor digital resource bases will be catastrophically misleading when using APS. This error is not in the supplier, but the board that blames the blame can only be used on the supplier.
5.CIMS
Computer Integrated Manufacturing System
Review
The informationization of China's industry is the first large-scale enlightenment. Informatization has entered the industrial field and seems to be flourishing. However, the digital expression and model-based construction capabilities in the industrial system have not kept up. Very helpless, this is a failure of early maturity, causing a serious mismatch between the two wheels of industrialization and informatization, and industrialization is lagging behind. In today's two-in-one fusion theme, industrialization still seems to have to be integrated into informationization—however, informationization was originally introduced to solve the efficiency of industrialization. CIMS was a shining star in the manufacturing plan of the 95th and 15th centuries, and the demonstration project blossomed everywhere and was highly anticipated – however, it lived up to high expectations. CIMS did not go well in Germany, and the Germans made a profound reflection. However, we seem to have erased this history a little bit carelessly; in the first year of the 13th Five-Year Plan, the same flashing fireworks once again illuminate When empty.
This term does not have much value for discussion at the moment. However, its existence, as a mirror, has become a historical reference for the current hot-selling intelligent manufacturing.
6.GT Group Technology
Group technology
Review
As early as the 1950s, the Russians proposed a technology that was finally carried forward by Germany. It became an industrial engineering theory that effectively solved the optimization of small-scale production and production. Under the leadership of the Ministry of Machinery, which had a clear management in the manufacturing industry, China’s GT technology had been catching up in the 1980s, not weaker than foreign practice. Group technology is undoubtedly the core of flexible manufacturing and customized production, which was reconfirmed in Boeing's most extensive digital manufacturing practice in recent years. China’s group technology research has made great progress, but it has been in the past for 20 years. The China Group Technology Branch is quietly located in a crowded room in a small building on the South Road. Gold is buried in the dust, and the research and practice of group technology is marginalized. Sooner or later, we need to come back again – this is a lesson that Chinese smart manufacturing must replenish.
7.MBD
Model-Based DefiniTIon model-based product definition
Review
MBD enables a variety of manufacturing information and design information to be jointly defined into a three-dimensional digital model of the product. It is not just a three-dimensional dimensioning, but more importantly, it defines a variety of manufacturing information and product structure relationships (parts table). The United States is the leader. In this respect, China cannot choose the wrong breakthrough. Germany is not a pioneer in this regard.
8.MBSE
Model-Based System Engineering Model-Based System Engineering
Review
MBSE is a model-based expression and driver approach developed in the field of systems engineering. In fact, this is the only solution to the problem of complex systems. It can be seen as a model-driven principle, method, tool, language guidance, to achieve the implementation of complex systems with cross-disciplinary and large-scale disciplines . The MBSE concept of the US manufacturing industry has begun to spread from aircraft manufacturing and is gradually becoming the standard for enterprises. This is the overall thinking of digital manufacturing, which requires the Chinese manufacturing industry to absorb and ponder.
9.MBE Model-based Enterprise Model-Based Enterprise
Review
Only when a company adopts digital deconstruction and reorganizes all resources can it become a real digital enterprise. This is the most important assessment system for digital factories and smart factories. At present, the development of MBE in foreign countries has already had a measure of maturity, and domestic understanding of this is still just beginning. If you can't understand MBE, the digital factory will be replaced by a fully automated factory, missing the opportunity to develop.
10.MRO Maintenance, Repair & OperaTIons Maintenance, repair, operation
PHM PrognosTIcs and Health Management Health Forecast Management
Review
MRO usually refers to materials and services that are not directly used in the actual production process and are only used to maintain, repair, and operate equipment. PHM emphasizes software monitoring in asset equipment management, predicts equipment health, and improves operation and maintenance efficiency. There is a great relationship between the two. Proactive operations and maintenance have become an important source of profit for some pioneering companies. In fact, in the system of Industry 4.0, this value is not obvious; and if the operation of the equipment is viewed from the perspective of the industrial Internet, MRO and PHM have re-applied the aura of “industrial big data†and become a hot spot at one time. . Everyone will be surprised to find that this is the place where industrial data is the easiest to flow out. The engine of the Lost Malaysia Airlines 370 unexpectedly became the focus of MRO's online operation and maintenance data. In the next 15 years, GE will launch 40,000 engines to the market. The huge online data will form an innocent data blue ocean.
11. Service-oriented manufacturing
Review
This is a concept developed from the perspective of the manufacturing ecosystem. In fact, it is to re-examine the whole process of the manufacturing industry from the perspective of the whole life cycle, and reconnect the front-end and back-end after-sales services that were previously separated from production. In the past, the general view was that the value of the product was created in the factory. However, with the development of the ecological value chain of the manufacturing industry, the design of the front-end, the later operation and maintenance, and even the scrapping and recycling, all present a new business profit model. The word itself is very strange to foreign countries; but the meaning it represents, they have gone very far, in the field of PrognosTIc (preventive maintenance) and PHM (health prediction management), foreign countries have found from digital operation and maintenance services, A profitable business model. And these topics, for the manufacture of China, still have a huge gap in understanding.
It is worth mentioning that the service-oriented manufacturing industry has become one of the specialties of China Manufacturing 2025. The theory and practice that needs to be explored here are all very tempting spaces.
12.PDM
Product Data Management
Product data management
Review
A concept that all companies are familiar with, but almost ignored by the most innocent. At present, PDM is like the granary of the commune in the planned economy. The product data is piled up here in a chaotic manner. Its true charm has never been valued by the Chinese manufacturing industry. If the digital characteristics of the PDM and BOM bills are not awakened, the industry 4.0 has no chance to be realized.
13.PLM
Product Lifecycle Management Product Lifecycle Management
Review
Generalized PLM systems (including CAX) support product development, which refers to the entire process of data management from requirements management, product design, process simulation to manufacturing. This concept has been promoted by design software companies for a long time, but there are still great difficulties in implementation. A large number of information islands cannot be solved. This kind of technology is almost entirely controlled by the three major software companies in foreign countries; this is not a key issue. To manage a good product, the enterprise itself must have a good industrial expression, which is not solved by software. To achieve Industry 4.0, if PLM can't get through, you can say that it is basically unsuccessful.
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