Analysis of Ten Misunderstandings in Robot Application

As robotics continues to improve and evolve, more and more companies are beginning to source and use robots. How do you know which type of robot to choose? How to avoid the misunderstandings that we may not understand, even those that have been successful in application and not suitable for ourselves? Robot investments typically range from tens of thousands to millions of dollars, and it's important to make the right choices at the first time and avoid common mistakes, as errors can lead to unnecessary expenses or delays in tasks. To help engineers and designers avoid the most serious mistakes, the article lists the top ten pitfalls that robotic applications avoid.

Misunderstanding 1: Underestimating the payload and inertia

The first mistake in the application of robot users is to underestimate the payload and inertia requirements. Usually it is mostly caused by the weight of the tool installed at the end of the robot arm when calculating the load. The second reason for this error is to underestimate or completely ignore the inertial forces generated by the eccentric load. The inertial force may cause overload of the robot shaft. In SCARA robots, overloading of the rotating shaft is very common. Failure to correct this problem can also cause damage to the robot. This can be compensated for by reducing the load or reducing the speed parameter. However, reducing speed will increase unnecessary cycle time - the cycle of reducing the return on investment is the top priority in purchasing robots. This is why load-related factors are very important from the start.

The payload is very important. Some information given by the general technical parameters of the robot has a detailed description. The rated load is valid at the rated speed. One of the important conditions for achieving the maximum load is to remove the low speed of the robot. In addition, excessive load may also damage the accuracy of the robot.

Myth 2: Trying to get the robot to do too many things

Sometimes the robot's ability and flexibility make the designer take too much work so much that the robotic unit is too complex. Once this result is generated, it is difficult to determine the correct cycle time, or bring additional difficulties to the solution, and even a large number of difficulties due to processor speed limitations. And once production fails, this error is often amplified. Unplanned shutdowns in production will result in huge losses.

Another situation is that the use of robots and work cells exceeds the capabilities of the original design. When the increased work is added after the simulation, it is easy to have a disappointing situation. Especially if no new simulations are carried out before the promotion plan, the specified cycle time may not be achieved. Therefore, to ensure that a cycle of the robot is within the specified time, then you must be very careful beyond the scope of the robot's capabilities.

Before using the robot, it must be simulated, according to the design requirements, determine the stroke load of the application of the robot, as well as the cycle time. If the new application of the robot is added, a certain verification is performed before entering.

Misunderstanding 3: Underestimating cable management issues

As it seems, it may be too simple, so cable management is often overloaded. However, the path of the cable or peripheral that is optimized to the tool at the end of the arm is very important for the motion of the robotic device. The lack of an estimate of the underlying problem will cause the robot to create unnecessary actions to avoid cable entanglement and compression. Also, failure to use dynamic cables or reduce cable stress can result in wire damage and downtime.

Currently used robot end-effectors, generally gas-driven or electric-driven, inevitably have corresponding air or cable connections. Most of the industrial robot's gas path and electrical circuit are outside, so the robot movement control should be very careful; there is also an industrial robot's gas circuit and electrical circuit is built-in, which is very convenient. The management of the cable is only possible when considering the relative movement of the arm and the end effector.

Myth #4: Questions to consider before choosing a robotic system

By considering each application, when the system is installed, you can determine that all aspects of the application are what you need and avoid serious overruns due to possible errors. The factors to consider are:

Load - consider the payload, direction and torque;

Orientation - considers the plane of movement, possible obstacles and lubrication in moving planes, and various effects in maintenance

Speed ​​- considers speed, acceleration, deceleration, and the inertia they produce;

Travel - consider the distance traveled, the correction, the lubrication interval and the sudden movement of the ball screw;

Environment - consider the presence of ambient temperature, cleanliness and corrosive agents;

DutyCycle - considers the proportion of time in operation and the thermal effects of the part.

In addition to these, there is also the problem of the robot's work schedule. When the stroke is determined, it is not only possible to determine whether the application requirements can be met according to the stroke of the robot technical parameters. It should be practically considered whether the movement trajectory of the robot may reach the stroke after the end effector is installed. This is also one of the key reasons for simulation. For the environment, there are special customized industrial robots in different environments. For example, the spray industry needs industrial robots with explosion-proof capability, which is different from standard robots, as well as the use of clean rooms. There are also problems with the reliability of the robot and its failure rate, power consumption, etc., which must be considered.

Myth 5: Misunderstanding about accuracy and repeatability

A precise machine can be repeated, but a repeatable machine is not necessarily accurate. Repeatability refers to the robot's precise round-trip between predetermined positions according to the specified working path. Accuracy is reflected by the precise movement of the work path to a calculated point. In the handling action, the robot moves to some fixed point position by calculation, and uses the precise performance of the robot. Accuracy is directly related to mechanical tolerance and the accuracy of the robot arm.

Accuracy has a great relationship with the mechanical precision of the robot arm. The higher the precision, the higher the speed can be guaranteed. The robot reducer is an important key structure to ensure the accuracy of the robot. The general industrial robots are all standard RV type reducers. If you need to apply them to some precision manufacturing applications, you can consider the industrial robots of the robot ancestor staubliunimation.

Myth 6: Selecting a robot system depends only on the pros and cons of the control system

Most robot manufacturers consider more likely robot controllers than mechanical properties. But once the robot is configured, uptime is primarily dependent on mechanical durability. Product loss of production capacity is most likely not caused by poor controllers and electronic equipment, but by poor mechanical properties. Usually choosing a robotic system is based on the user's proficiency in the controller and software. If the robot has excellent mechanical properties at the same time, then this will be a very competitive advantage. Conversely, if the robot needs to be continuously repaired after installation, the time-saving advantages of proficient control will be quickly consumed.

The mechanical part is the key to ensuring the performance of industrial robots first. The accuracy, speed and durability are all related to the mechanical part. The mechanism of the robot is relatively simple, generally the motor and the reducer. If the selected robot often needs to repair the reducer part or other mechanical structure, it is very troublesome.

Myth 7: No correct robot knowledge

Robot manufacturers and system integrators design a robot cell that is usually just an application, but if the user does not have the correct knowledge of the robot, they may face failure. The usage time of any production equipment is closely related to how the user uses and maintains the equipment. It is not uncommon for some users who use robots to refuse training for the first time. The essential condition for the robot to remain in good working condition is to fully understand the capabilities of the robot and to make the best use within the scope of work.

Industrial robots are very special equipment, and their operation complexity is no less than that of a CNC machine. Similarly, the use of robots must be familiar with the safe operation of basic industrial robots, otherwise the equipment is very unsafe for people. Operators using robots must be trained by the system manufacturer to perform safe operation of the system before allowing actual operation.

Myth 8: Ignore related equipment for robot applications

Teachers, communication cables, and some special software are usually required, but they are easily forgotten in the initial order. These will cause delays and even costs over the budget for the entire program. To properly select a robot product, you must first consider your own comprehensive needs and meet all aspects of equipment selection. A very common situation is that customers sometimes don't integrate some key equipment and robots to save money.

At the beginning of the project, you must understand the relevant equipment, software and other items that the project needs to be configured. In the procurement process, it is necessary to consider the relevant products ordered at all times according to the application of the project.

Myth 9: Over- or under-estimated robot control system capabilities

Underestimating the robot control system capabilities will result in system duplication of investment and unnecessary waste. The use of dual backup on secure circuits is very common. Excessive estimates of control system capabilities will incur additional equipment costs, rework, and lost time costs. Trying to control too many I/O ports and adding servos is a common misconception.

Safety control is a very important issue. While considering safety, it is also necessary to optimize the application's safety logic signals. Repeating in the program is unnecessary.

Myth #10: I didn’t consider using robot technology at all.

Limited by the size of the investment, the lack of understanding of robotics and the failure to adopt robots in the past are reasons for many people to stay away from robotics. However, in order to increase productivity and win in the final competition of the market, it is very important to get rid of this mis-robot technology, although it cannot improve productivity alone, but in many cases it can help improve overall productivity. Market response time, increased production Efficiency, simplicity of operation, flexibility, reusability, reliability, precision, control and long-term use are all powerful reasons for using robotics.

The application robot is a long-term investment, easy to manage, but also to ensure product yield, improve productivity, and fully automated application of the factory, naturally also gives customers a stable pillar.


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