With the advancement of science and technology, new industries are emerging and more job opportunities are created.
Israeli historian Hralli boldly predicted the development of human society in his new book, A Brief History of the Future, and was named the best book of the year by many media such as The Times. Recently, Hralli said in an interview: At present, the artificial intelligence technology being developed will outperform humans in many fields, such as driving a car and diagnosing diseases. In the future, a large number of jobs will be replaced by smart machines, and billions of people will become “useless classesâ€.
The author agrees that “the artificial intelligence technology will outperform humans in many fieldsâ€, but disagrees with the assertion that “billions of people will become “useless classesâ€â€. The "useless class" that Herari said is actually the "unemployed class."
Historically, with the development of human society, science and technology have become more and more advanced, and the degree of mechanization and automation has become higher and higher. So, is the unemployment rate getting higher and higher? Obviously not! Because with the advancement of science and technology, new industries are emerging, and more job creation opportunities will be created. For example, although the appearance of watches has made the husband more unemployed, there are many more people in the watch industry than before.
In the United States, for example, during the Great Depression in the early 1930s, the US population was only 120 million, and the unemployment rate once exceeded 20%. Now the US population is 320 million, but now the US unemployment rate is only 4.8. %. In terms of the whole world, the world's population was only 1 billion 200 years ago. The degree of mechanization and automation is now much higher than it was 200 years ago. Can you say that most of the current 7.3 billion people are redundant? Of course you can't say that.
In ancient times, the agricultural population accounted for more than 90% of the total population, but famine often occurred. With the development of social economy, the proportion of agricultural population is getting lower and lower. In the economically developed United States, the agricultural population accounts for less than 2% of the total population. It not only feeds the American population, but also exports a large amount of agricultural products for export. I am afraid that the ancients could not imagine that the agricultural population could drop to such a low proportion.
Technological progress is often the liberation of the labor force rather than the labor force. Therefore, the labor force is continuously transferred from the old industry to the new industry. The advancement of agricultural technology has caused a large number of rural surplus labor to be divorced from agricultural production and transferred to manufacturing; the advancement of industrial technology has caused a large number of workers to leave the manufacturing industry and transfer to the tertiary industry. The fact that a person does not engage in agricultural production does not mean that this person will be unemployed because he can also engage in manufacturing or service industries. By the same token, a person's job is replaced by artificial intelligence, and he can also engage in other industries.
If human beings are only satisfied with eating enough, then the world needs only a small number of people to engage in agricultural production, so that all human beings can eat, so that most people in the world are now "useless classes." But as the saying goes: "People eat to live, but not to eat." Human needs are low to high. American psychologist Maslow believes that human needs are divided into five types from low to high. : Physiological needs, security needs, social needs, respect for needs and self-fulfillment needs. In order to meet the needs of all levels of humanity, there will inevitably be corresponding industries created.
It can be predicted that with the development of artificial intelligence, a large number of people in the future will engage in scientific research, invention, cultural education and the art industry. In particular, research, development, manufacturing, sales and management of intelligent robots are expected to become a major industry. In the future society, more and more manual labor-intensive industries will be upgraded to intellectual labor-intensive industries.
The machine replaces part of the physical labor of human beings, and artificial intelligence replaces part of the human brain labor. Man is the spirit of all things, and man creates artificial intelligence, not the other way around. There is no reason for human beings, and there is no need to give up on themselves.
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